# Akan Volcanic Complex

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**Akan Volcanic Complex** is a [volcanic group](/source/Volcanic_group) of [volcanoes](/source/Volcano) that grew out of the Akan [caldera](/source/Caldera).[1] It is located within [Akan National Park](/source/Akan_National_Park), about 50 km Northwest of [Kushiro](/source/Kushiro,_Hokkaid%C5%8D) in eastern [Hokkaidō](/source/Hokkaid%C5%8D), [Japan](/source/Japan).

## Description

A number of peaks are arranged around the rim of [Lake Akan](/source/Lake_Akan) ( Akan-ko[2]), which fills a 24×13 km caldera,[3] the tallest being [Me-Akan](/source/Mount_Meakan) (Meakan), [O-Akan](/source/Mount_Oakan) (Oakan) and [Akan-Fuji](/source/Akan-Fuji).[1]

Oakan is prominently located at the northeast side of the caldera, while Meakan occupies the opposite, southwest side, in a cluster of nine [stratovolcanoes](/source/Stratovolcanoes) that include Akan-Fuji, one of many symmetrical Japanese volcanoes named after the renowned [Mount Fuji](/source/Mount_Fuji), and Fuppushi volcano[4] (a.k.a. Fuppushi-dake, not to be confused with [Mount Fuppushi](/source/Mount_Fuppushi), which is located in Southwestern Hokkaido).

## Volcanology

The Akan caldera was formed 31,500 years ago. Its elongated shape is due to its incremental formation during major explosive eruptions, from the early to the mid-[Pleistocene](/source/Pleistocene) periods.

The Nakamachineshiri crater of Meakan volcano was formed during a major eruption about 13,500 years ago.

The Me-Akan group of nine overlapping cones on the eastern side of Lake Akan has had mild eruptions since the beginning of the 19th century.[5] The last eruption of this historical volcano was in 2008.[3]

Oakan, Meakan, Furebetsu and Fuppushi are the major post-caldera volcanoes of the Akan volcanic complex.[1]

Me-Akan is one of the most active volcanoes of Hokkaido. Its summit contains the active craters of Ponmachineshiri and Naka-Machineshiri, sites of frequent [phreatic](/source/Phreatic) eruptions in historical time. Akan-Fuji and O-Akan have not erupted in historical time.[4]

Akan is rated with a [volcanic explosivity index](/source/Volcanic_Explosivity_Index) of 4 on the Smithsonian VEI scale, the scale's fourth-highest score, based on the volcano's largest known eruption, around 7050 BC.[6]

Following are prominent features of Akan:[7]

### Cones

- Me-Akan-Dake ([Mount Meakan](/source/Mount_Meakan)) (1499 m) Stratovolcano
- Akan Fuji (Akan-Fuji, Akan-Huji) (1476 m) Stratovolcano
- Kita-Yama (1400 m) Cone
- O-Akan-Dake ([Mount Oakan](/source/Mount_Oakan)) (1371 m) Stratovolcano
- Kenga-Mine Cone 1336 m
- Nishi-Yama (Nisi-Yama) (1300 m) Cone
- Fuppushi (Huppusi) (1226 m) Stratovolcano
- Miname-Dake (1217 m) Stratovolcano
- Higashi-Dake (Higasi-Dake) (1140 m) Cone
- Furebetsu (Hurebetu) (1098 m) Stratovolcano
- Kobu-Yama Cone
- Futatsu-Dake Pyroclastic cone

### Craters

- Nakamachineshiri (Nakamatineshiri) Crater
- Ponmachineshiri (Ponmatinesiri) Crater

### Thermal features

- Akan-Kohan Thermal Feature

### Other peaks

- Mount Ken[citation needed]
- [Mount Ahoro](/source/Mount_Ahoro)[citation needed]

## References

1. ["AKAN Caldera"](https://archive.today/20121219053833/http://riodb02.ibase.aist.go.jp/strata/VOL_JP/EN/vol/218b.htm). *Quaternary Volcanoes of Japan, Geological Survey of Japan, AIST, 2006*. Archived from [the original](http://riodb02.ibase.aist.go.jp/strata/VOL_JP/EN/vol/218b.htm) on 2012-12-19. Retrieved 2011-03-09.

1. ["Akan-ko: Japan"](http://geographic.org/geographic_names/name.php?uni=-332580&fid=3243&c=japan). *Geographical Names*. Retrieved 2011-03-09.

1. Retrieved 2021-06-25.

1. ["Akan Volcanic Complex, Japan"](http://www.geographic.org/photos/volcanoes/volcano_photos_91.html). *Volcano Photos*. Retrieved 2011-03-09.

1. ["MEAKAN-DAKE"](https://archive.today/20121219232559/http://riodb02.ibase.aist.go.jp/strata/VOL_JP/EN/vol/218f.htm). *Quaternary Volcanoes of Japan, Geological Survey of Japan, AIST, 2006*. Archived from [the original](http://riodb02.ibase.aist.go.jp/strata/VOL_JP/EN/vol/218f.htm) on 2012-12-19. Retrieved 2011-03-09.

1. ["Large Volcano Explocivity Index"](http://www.allcountries.org/ranks/volcano_explocivity_index_ranks.html). *Countries of the World*. Retrieved 2011-03-09.

1. Retrieved 2021-06-25.

## External links

- [Akan Caldera](https://gbank.gsj.jp/volcano/Quat_Vol/volcano_data/B23.html) - Geological Survey of Japan

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Akan Volcanic Complex](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akan_Volcanic_Complex) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akan_Volcanic_Complex?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.