# Aetosaurinae

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Extinct subfamily of reptiles

Aetosaurinae Temporal range: Late Triassic A bonebed of Aetosaurus Paratypothorax, a typothoracine Scientific classification Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Reptilia Clade: Pseudosuchia Order: †Aetosauria Family: †Stagonolepididae Subfamily: †Aetosaurinae Heckert and Lucas, 2000 Clades †Aetosaurus †Coahomasuchus †Stenomyti †Typothoracinae †Apachesuchus †Chilenosuchus? †Gorgetosuchus †Kryphioparma †Redondasuchus †Typothorax †Paratypothoracini †Kocurypelta †Kuttysuchus †Paratypothorax †Rioarribasuchus †Tecovasuchus †Venkatasuchus

**Aetosaurinae** is one of the two main clades of [aetosaurs](/source/Aetosaur), the other being [Desmatosuchia](/source/Desmatosuchia). It is a [stem-based taxon](/source/Stem-based_taxon) defined as all aetosaurs more closely related to *[Aetosaurus](/source/Aetosaurus)* than *[Desmatosuchus](/source/Desmatosuchus)*. Aetosaurinae currently comprises *Aetosaurus,* similar forms such as *[Coahomasuchus](/source/Coahomasuchus)* and *[Stenomyti](/source/Stenomyti)*, and the widespread and successful aetosaur clade [Typothoracinae](/source/Typothoracinae).[1]

## Previous usage

Aetosaurinae was originally named in 2000, as a [subfamily](/source/Subfamily) solely including *Aetosaurus*, which was assumed to be the earliest-diverging aetosaur.[2] In 2007, it was extended to include the subfamily Typothoracinae as well as various [basal](/source/Basal_(phylogenetics)) aetosaurs which were not clearly within [Desmatosuchinae](/source/Desmatosuchinae). These proposed non-typothoracine aetosaurines included *Coahomasuchus*, *[Neoaetosauroides](/source/Neoaetosauroides)*, *[Aetosauroides](/source/Aetosauroides)*, *[Stagonolepis robertsoni](/source/Stagonolepis),* and *"Stagonolepis"* (*[Calyptosuchus](/source/Calyptosuchus)*) *wellesi*. As a subfamily containing practically all non-desmatosuchine aetosaurs, Aetosaurinae was poorly supported. It was diagnosed by a singly [synapomorphy](/source/Synapomorphy): the dorsal eminence of each paramedian [osteoderm](/source/Osteoderm) was offset medially.[3][4]

A phylogenetic study in 2012 found that this widest usage of Aetosaurinae was [paraphyletic](/source/Paraphyletic). *Aetosaurus* was recovered as the basal-most stagonolepidid, with other non-typothoracisine aetosaurines placed as successively more [derived](/source/Synapomorphy) taxa leading up to a clade containing Desmatosuchinae and Typothoracisinae. In this phylogeny, all aetosaurines except for *Aetosaurus* were more closely related to *Desmatosuchus* than they are to *Aetosaurus.* As a result, the clade Aetosaurinae would only include *Aetosaurus*.[5][6]

## Current usage

More recent data and phylogenies have brought Aetosaurinae back into usage, albeit in a more restricted form. A 2016 study once again considered Typothoracinae to be closer to *Aetosaurus* than to desmatosuchines. Therefore, Typothoracinae would lie within Aetosaurinae, making Aetosaurinae a valid and non-[monotypic](/source/Monotypic_taxon) clade once more.[1] Newly described or redescribed genera such as *Stenomyti* and *Coahomasuchus* have also been incorporated into Aetosaurinae.[1][7] Aetosaurinae is the [sister taxon](/source/Sister_taxon) to Desmatosuchia, a new clade including desmatosuchines and their relatives, such as *Stagonolepis*.[1]

Relative to desmatosuchians, aetosaurines have proportionally shorter and more lightly built skulls, as well as several other distinctive traits. The [orbit](/source/Orbit_(anatomy)) is large and circular, while the [supratemporal fenestrae](/source/Supratemporal_fenestrae) are fairly small. This also means that the [parietals](/source/Parietal_bone) are wider than the [frontals](/source/Frontal_bone) on the skull roof, at least in early-diverging genera such as *Aetosaurus* and *Stenomyti*. The [nares](/source/Nares) are similar in size or smaller than the orbit. The snout tapers to a point, without the "shovel-shaped" [premaxilla](/source/Premaxilla) extensions found in *Stagonolepis* and *[Desmatosuchus](/source/Desmatosuchus)*.[1][8]

## References

- [Paleontology portal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Paleontology)

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-:0_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-:0_1-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-:0_1-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-:0_1-3) [***e***](#cite_ref-:0_1-4) Parker, William G. (2016-01-21). ["Revised phylogenetic analysis of the Aetosauria (Archosauria: Pseudosuchia); assessing the effects of incongruent morphological character sets"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4727975). *PeerJ*. **4** e1583. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.7717/peerj.1583](https://doi.org/10.7717%2Fpeerj.1583). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [2167-8359](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2167-8359). [PMC](/source/PMC_(identifier)) [4727975](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4727975). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [26819845](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26819845).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-HL00_2-0)** Heckert, A. B.; and Lucas; S. G. (2000). ["Taxonomy, phylogeny, biostratigraphy, biochronology, paleobiogeography, and evolution of the Late Triassic Aetosauria (Archosauria: Crurotarsi)"](https://www.academia.edu/1175956). *Zentralblatt für Geologie und Paläontologie, Teil I*. 11–12: 1539–1587.

1. '*[^](#cite_ref-PWG07_3-0)****Parker, W. G. (2007). ["Reassessment of the aetosaur](http://www.miketaylor.org.uk/dino/nm/Parker2007-Heliocanthus.pdf)**[Desmatosuchus' chamaensis](http://www.miketaylor.org.uk/dino/nm/Parker2007-Heliocanthus.pdf)*[with a reanalysis of the phylogeny of the Aetosauria (Archosauria:Pseudosuchia)"](http://www.miketaylor.org.uk/dino/nm/Parker2007-Heliocanthus.pdf) (PDF). *Journal of Systematic Palaeontology*. **5**: 41–68. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1017/S1477201906001994](https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS1477201906001994). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [85826683](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:85826683).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** Parker, William G.; Stocker, Michelle R.; Irmis, Randall B. (2008-09-12). ["A new desmatosuchine aetosaur (Archosauria: Suchia) from the Upper Triassic Tecovas Formation (Dockum Group) of Texas"](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/272152066). *Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology*. **28** (3): 692–701. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1671/0272-4634(2008)28\[692:ANDAAS\]2.0.CO;2](https://doi.org/10.1671%2F0272-4634%282008%2928%5B692%3AANDAAS%5D2.0.CO%3B2). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [0272-4634](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0272-4634). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [84455880](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:84455880).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-DEK12_5-0)** Desojo, J.B.; Ezcurra, M.D.; Kischlat, E.E. (2012). ["A new aetosaur genus (Archosauria: Pseudosuchia) from the early Late Triassic of southern Brazil"](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/280386026). *Zootaxa*. **3166**: 1–33. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.11646/zootaxa.3166.1.1](https://doi.org/10.11646%2Fzootaxa.3166.1.1). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [1175-5326](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1175-5326).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** Heckert, Andrew B.; Schneider, Vincent P.; Fraser, Nicholas C.; Webb, Richard A. (2015-01-02). "A new aetosaur (Archosauria, Suchia) from the Upper Triassic Pekin Formation, Deep River Basin, North Carolina, U.S.A., and its implications for early aetosaur evolution". *Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology*. **35** (1) e881831. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2015JVPal..35E1831H](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015JVPal..35E1831H). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1080/02724634.2014.881831](https://doi.org/10.1080%2F02724634.2014.881831). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [0272-4634](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0272-4634). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [140176110](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:140176110).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** Hoffman, Devin K.; Heckert, Andrew B.; Zanno, Lindsay E. (2018-02-13). ["Under the armor: X-ray computed tomographic reconstruction of the internal skeleton of Coahomasuchus chathamensis (Archosauria: Aetosauria) from the Upper Triassic of North Carolina, USA, and a phylogenetic analysis of Aetosauria"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5815331). *PeerJ*. **6** e4368. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.7717/peerj.4368](https://doi.org/10.7717%2Fpeerj.4368). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [2167-8359](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2167-8359). [PMC](/source/PMC_(identifier)) [5815331](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5815331). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [29456892](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29456892).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** Reyes, William A.; Parker, William G.; Marsh, Adam D. (2020-12-10). "Cranial anatomy and dentition of the aetosaur *Typothorax coccinarum* (Archosauria: Pseudosuchia) from the Upper Triassic (Revueltian–mid Norian) Chinle Formation of Arizona". *Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology*. **40** (6) e1876080. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2020JVPal..40E6080R](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2020JVPal..40E6080R). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1080/02724634.2020.1876080](https://doi.org/10.1080%2F02724634.2020.1876080). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [0272-4634](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0272-4634). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [233616969](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:233616969).

v t e Aetosauria Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Sauropsida Clade: Pseudosuchia Clade: Aetosauriformes Pseudosuchia see Pseudosuchia Aetosauria see below↓ Aetosauria †Aetosauria Aetosauroides Stagonolepididae Aetosaurinae Aetosaurus Coahomasuchus? Stenomyti? Typothoracinae? Apachesuchus Chilenosuchus? Gorgetosuchus? Kryphioparma Redondasuchus Typothorax Paratypothoracini Garzapelta? Kocurypelta Kuttysuchus Paratypothorax Rioarribasuchus Tecovasuchus Venkatasuchus Desmatosuchia Stagonolepidinae? Polesinesuchus Stagonolepis Desmatosuchinae sensu lato Adamanasuchus? Aetobarbakinoides? Calyptosuchus? Chilenosuchus? Neoaetosauroides? Olkasuchus Scutarx? Desmatosuchini (Desmatosuchinae sensu stricto) Desmatosuchus Gorgetosuchus? Longosuchus Lucasuchus Sierritasuchus Category

Taxon identifiers Aetosaurinae Wikidata: Q3495831 EoL: 47446448 Paleobiology Database: 156408

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Aetosaurinae](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aetosaurinae) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aetosaurinae?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.