# Aerometer

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{{Short description|Instrument designed to measure the density}}
{{Distinguish|Areometer}}
thumb|Using an aeromerer
An '''aerometer''' is an instrument designed to measure the density (among other parameters) of the [air](/source/air) and some gases.<ref name="Marshall"/><ref>[http://www.enciclopedia.cat/EC-GEC-0075236.xml aerometer]</ref>

The word '''aerometer''' (or Ärometer, from Ancient Greek ἀήρ -aer "[air](/source/Atmosphere_of_Earth)" and μέτρον -métron "measure, scale") refers to various types of devices for measuring or handling of gases. The instruments designated with this name can be used to find: the density, the flow, the amount or some other parameter of the [air](/source/air) or a determined gas.<ref name="Marshall"/>

Several different designs of aerometer have been developed for the study of speech.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Baken |first1=R.J. |title=Clinical Measurement of Speech and Voice |date=1987 |publisher=Taylor and Francis |isbn=0-85066-651-1 |pages=284–5}}</ref> These make use of a mask fitting closely to the speaker's face, usually with a partition separating airflow from the nose from airflow from the mouth.<ref>{{cite web |last1=UCLA Phonetics Lab |title=Aerodynamic techniques |url=http://phonetics.linguistics.ucla.edu/facilities/physiology/aero/aero.htm#Recording_air_pressure_and_airflow |publisher=UCLA Linguistics Department |access-date=15 December 2020}}</ref> Various designs of transducer convert the flow of air into electrical signals.

Another instrument called '''[areometer](/source/areometer)''' (from Ancient Greek ἀραιός -araiós "[lightness](/source/Density)" and μέτρον -métron "measure, scale"), also known as '''[hydrometer](/source/hydrometer)''', used for measuring liquids [density](/source/density), is often confused with the term '''aerometer'''  here defined.

== Types of aerometers==
* Hall aerometer.<ref name="Marshall">Marshall Hall: ''Description of an Aerometer for making the necessary Corrections in Pneumatic Experiments, for reducing the Volumes of the Gases to a given Standard.'' The Journal of science and the arts, Band 5, J. Eastburn & Co., 1818, Seite 52 [https://books.google.com/books?id=J-k4AAAAMAAJ&dq=Aerometer&pg=PA52 Online bei Google Books]</ref>
<!--: Marshall Passadís suggereix 1818 com '' instrument designat '' aerometers abans, la conclusió pot extreure del volum en condicions de control en els experiments amb gasos sota condicions variables externes (pressió, temperatura, humitat). L'instrument va treballar per [baromètriques](/source/Bar%C3%B2metre) principis-->
* Hutchinson aerometer.<ref>Mechanics' Magazine, No. 655, 27. February 1836. [https://books.google.com/books?id=fAoAAAAAMAAJ&dq=%22Aerometer%22&pg=PA417 Online bei Google Books]</ref>
<!--: '' Va ser al segle 19 un dispositiu per mesurar el flux de gas dins o fora 'aerometers patents de Hutchinson' | s'usa [tancs de gas del tanc de gas](/source/tancs_de_gas_del_tanc_de_gas) -->
* Struve aerometer.<ref>Gresley, William Stukeley: ''A glossary of terms used in coal mining,'' E. & F.N. Spon London, New York 1883, Seite 273, [https://archive.org/details/glossaryoftermsu00gresrich Volltext auf archive.org]</ref><ref>Thomas John Taylor, ''On the progressive application of machinery to mining purposes.'' In: Proceedings, Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Birmingham 1859, Seite 32 [https://books.google.com/books?id=eCcJAQAAIAAJ&dq=Aerometer&pg=PA32 Online at Google Books] and in The Civil engineer and architect's journal, Band 22, 1859, Seite 279 [https://books.google.com/books?id=JfbNAAAAMAAJ&dq=Aerometer&pg=PA277 Google Books]</ref>
<!--: En la mineria (especialment de carbó) es 'fa referència a 1900 en les plantes per al [[] intempèrie] mines' '(ventilador Struve)' els pistons com aerometers -->
* Scheurer aerometer.<ref>A. Scheurer: ''Aerometer zur Bestimmung der in Dampfbottichen vorhandenen Luftmenge.'' Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Mechanik und Optik, Deutsche Gesellschaft für Mechanik und Optik, J. Springer., 1900, Seite 86</ref>
<!--: A. Scheurer va descriure en 1900 un aparell per determinar el vapor existent en la quantitat de dipòsits d'aire '' aerometers. ''-->
* Smith aerometer.<ref>Ronald J. Baken, Robert F. Orlikoff: ''Clinical measurement of speech and voice Speech Science.'' Cengage Learning, 2000, Seite 351. {{ISBN|1565938690}} [https://books.google.com/books?id=ElPyvaJbDiwC&dq=%22Electro-Aerometer%22&pg=PA352 Online bei Google Books]</ref><ref>S. Smith: ''The electro aerometer.'' In: Speech, Pathology and Therapy, 1960, Band 3, Seite 27–33. {{ISSN|0584-8687}}</ref>
<!--: Smith (1960) i Van den Berg (1962) van descriure '' Electro aerometers '' és un dispositiu per mesurar els corrents d'aire en el [filologia](/source/ling%C3%BC%C3%ADstica) i la medicina. El dispositiu conté dos [vibració de la membrana de membrana](/source/vibraci%C3%B3_de_la_membrana_de_membrana) s de goma, que formen una vàlvula i que s'obre al parlar al dispositiu pel flux d'aire produït pel mateix. L'obertura està il·luminada i guiada la llum transmesa en una [fotodíode](/source/fotod%C3%ADode). El senyal resultant elèctrica no caracteritza la mida de l'obertura i per tant el flux d'aire mentre parla-->
* Frøkjær-Jensen aerometer.<ref>''Phonation types.'' In Phonetics, Working Papers. (1987). WPP, No. 67: Studies of Phonation Types. UC Los Angeles: Department of Linguistics, UCLA, Seite 31. [http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/6t1916dq Online]</ref><ref>Børge Frøkjær-Jensen, Medizinunternehmen: [http://www.f-jelectronics.dk Online] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161028023338/http://www.f-jelectronics.dk/ |date=2016-10-28 }}</ref>
<!--: Més de '' els dispositius comercials designats 'Electro-aerometers' per a aplicacions en medicina i filologia eren a la segona meitat del segle 20 per Børge Frøkjær-Jensen, Dinamarca va oferir -->

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:Gases
Category:Measuring instruments

{{physical-chemistry-stub}}

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Aerometer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerometer) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerometer?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.