# Acronychia

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{{Short description|Genus of flowering plants}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| image = Acronychia pedunculata Flower 1.jpg
| image_caption = ''[Acronychia pedunculata](/source/Acronychia_pedunculata)''
| taxon = Acronychia
| authority = [J.R.Forst.](/source/Johann_Reinhold_Forster) & [G.Forst.](/source/Georg_Forster)<ref name="APC">{{cite web |title=''Acronychia'' |url=https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apc-format/display/73783|publisher=Australian Plant Census |accessdate=1 July 2020}}</ref>
|synonyms_ref = <ref name="APC" />
|synonyms = *''Cyminosma'' <small>[Gaertn.](/source/Joseph_Gaertner) nom. illeg.</small>
*''Errerana'' <small>[Kuntze](/source/Otto_Kuntze) [nom. illeg.](/source/nom._illeg.)</small>
*''Jambolifera'' <small>[L.](/source/Carl_Linnaeus) nom. rej.</small>
*''Pleiococca'' <small>[F.Muell.](/source/F.Muell.)</small>
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision = See text.
}}

'''''Acronychia''''' is a [genus](/source/genus) of about fifty species of plants in the rue family [Rutaceae](/source/Rutaceae). The leaves are simple or [pinnate](/source/Pinnation), and the flowers [bisexual](/source/Plant_reproductive_morphology) with four [sepal](/source/sepal)s, four [petal](/source/petal)s and eight [stamen](/source/stamen)s. They have a broad distribution including in India, Malesia, Australia and the islands of the western Pacific Ocean. About twenty species are [endemic](/source/Endemism) to Australia.

==Description==
Plants in the genus ''Acronychia'' are shrubs or trees with simple or [trifoliate](/source/Glossary_of_leaf_morphology) leaves arranged in opposite pairs and with oil [glands](/source/Gland_(botany)) in the leaves. The flowers are arranged in leaf axils either singly or in [cyme](/source/Inflorescence)s or [panicle](/source/panicle)s. The flowers are bisexual, with four sepals, four petals and eight stamens. The petals are free from each other, as are the stamens. The [stigma](/source/Stigma_(botany)) is small, not differentiated from the [style](/source/Style_(botany)), the fruit is a drupe and the seeds are black.<ref name="RBGV">{{cite web |last1=Duretto |first1=Marco F. |title=''Acronychia'' |url=https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/flora/taxon/dc254475-b6f1-4fe0-8fd1-090e9822b182 |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria |accessdate=1 July 2020}}</ref><ref name="RBGS">{{cite web |last1=Richards |first1=P.G. |last2=Harden |first2=Gwen J. |title=Genus ''Acronychia'' |url=http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&showsyn=&dist=&constat=&lvl=gn&name=Acronychia |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney |accessdate=1 July 2020}}</ref>

==Taxonomy and naming==
The genus ''Acronychia'' was first formally described in 1775 by [Johann Reinhold Forster](/source/Johann_Reinhold_Forster) and [Georg Forster](/source/Georg_Forster) in their book ''[Characteres Generum Plantarum](/source/Characteres_Generum_Plantarum)''.<ref name=APNI>{{cite web|title=''Acronychia''|url=https://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/486065|publisher=APNI|accessdate=1 July 2020}}</ref><ref name="Forst.">{{cite book |last1=Forster |first1=Johann Reinhold |last2=Forster |first2=Georg |title=Characteres Generum Plantarum |date=1775 |publisher=Prostant apud B. White, T. Cadell, & P. Elmsly |location=London |page=53 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/23365#page/69/mode/1up |accessdate=1 July 2020}}</ref> The first species they described, the [type](/source/Type_(biology)) was ''[Acronychia laevis](/source/Acronychia_laevis)''.<ref name="APNI" />

Some species have common names including the word "[aspen](/source/aspen)", a name also applied to some Northern Hemisphere plants in the genus ''[Populus](/source/Populus)'' in the family [Salicaceae](/source/Salicaceae).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/documnts/TechSheets/HardwoodNA/pdf_files/popaspeneng.pdf|title=technology transfer fact sheet: ''Populus'' spp.|work=Forest Products Laboratory: R&D USDA |publisher=United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service|location=Madison, Wisconsin|date=|accessdate=20 September 2010}}</ref>

===Species list===
The following is a list of species accepted by [Plants of the World Online](/source/Plants_of_the_World_Online) as at June 2020:<ref name="POWO">{{cite web |title=Plants of the World Online - ''Acronychia'' |url=http://powo.science.kew.org/results?q=Acronychia |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |accessdate=1 July 2020}}</ref>
{{div col|colwidth=35em}}
* ''[Acronychia aberrans](/source/Acronychia_aberrans)'' <small>[T.G.Hartley](/source/T.G.Hartley)</small> — acid berry, lemon aspen, plasticine tree (Qld.)
* ''[Acronychia acidula](/source/Acronychia_acidula)'' <small>[F.Muell.](/source/F.Muell.)</small> — lemon aspen, lemon wood (Qld.)
* ''[Acronychia acronychioides](/source/Acronychia_acronychioides)'' <small>(F.Muell.) T.G.Hartley</small> — white aspen (Qld.)
* ''[Acronychia acuminata](/source/Acronychia_acuminata)'' <small>T.G.Hartley</small> — Thornton aspen (Qld.)
* ''[Acronychia arfakensis](/source/Acronychia_arfakensis)'' <small>[Gibbs](/source/Lilian_Gibbs)</small> — (New Guinea)
* ''[Acronychia baeuerlenii](/source/Acronychia_baeuerlenii)'' <small>T.G.Hartley</small> — Byron Bay acronychia (Qld., N.S.W.)
* ''[Acronychia brassii](/source/Acronychia_brassii)'' <small>T.G.Hartley</small> — (New Guinea)
* ''[Acronychia carrii](/source/Acronychia_carrii)'' <small>T.G.Hartley</small> — (New Guinea)
* ''[Acronychia cartilaginea](/source/Acronychia_cartilaginea)'' <small>T.G.Hartley</small> — (New Guinea)
* ''[Acronychia chooreechillum](/source/Acronychia_chooreechillum)'' <small>([F.M.Bailey](/source/F.M.Bailey)) [C.T.White](/source/C.T.White)</small> — mountain aspen (Qld.)
* ''[Acronychia crassipetala](/source/Acronychia_crassipetala)'' <small>T.G.Hartley</small> — crater aspen (Qld.)
* ''[Acronychia cuspidata](/source/Acronychia_cuspidata)'' <small>[Lauterb.](/source/Lauterb.)</small> — (New Guinea)
* ''[Acronychia cyminosma](/source/Acronychia_cyminosma)'' <small>F.Muell.</small> — (New Guinea)
* ''[Acronychia dimorphocalyx](/source/Acronychia_dimorphocalyx)'' <small>T.G.Hartley</small> — (New Guinea)
* ''[Acronychia emarginata](/source/Acronychia_emarginata)'' <small>[Lauterb.](/source/Lauterb.)</small> — (New Guinea)
* ''[Acronychia eungellensis](/source/Acronychia_eungellensis)'' <small>T.G.Hartley & [B.Hyland](/source/Bernard_Hyland)</small> — Eungella aspen (Qld.)
* ''[Acronychia foveata](/source/Acronychia_foveata)'' <small>T.G.Hartley</small> — (New Guinea)
* ''[Acronychia glauca](/source/Acronychia_glauca)'' <small>T.G.Hartley</small> — (New Guinea)
* ''[Acronychia goniocarpa](/source/Acronychia_goniocarpa)'' <small>[Merr.](/source/Elmer_Drew_Merrill) & [L.M.Perry](/source/Lily_May_Perry)</small> — (New Guinea)
* ''[Acronychia gurakorensis](/source/Acronychia_gurakorensis)'' <small>T.G.Hartley</small> — (New Guinea)
* ''[Acronychia imperforata](/source/Acronychia_imperforata)'' <small>F.Muell.</small> — Logan apple, Fraser Island apple, green tree (Qld., N.S.W.)
* ''[Acronychia intermedia](/source/Acronychia_intermedia)'' <small>T.G.Hartley</small> — (New Guinea)
* ''[Acronychia kaidiensis](/source/Acronychia_kaidiensis)'' <small>T.G.Hartley</small> — (New Guinea)
* ''[Acronychia laevis](/source/Acronychia_laevis)'' <small>[J.R.Forst.](/source/J.R.Forst.) & [G.Forst.](/source/G.Forst.)</small> — hard aspen (Qld., N.S.W.)
* ''[Acronychia ledermannii](/source/Acronychia_ledermannii)'' <small>Lauterb.</small> — (New Guinea)
* ''[Acronychia littoralis](/source/Acronychia_littoralis)'' <small>T.G.Hartley & [J.B.Williams](/source/J.B.Williams)</small> — scented acronychia (Qld., N.S.W.)
* ''[Acronychia macrocalyx](/source/Acronychia_macrocalyx)'' <small>T.G.Hartley</small> — (New Guinea)
* ''[Acronychia montana](/source/Acronychia_montana)'' <small>T.G.Hartley</small> — (New Guinea)
* ''[Acronychia murina](/source/Acronychia_murina)'' <small>[Ridl.](/source/Henry_Nicholas_Ridley)</small> — (New Guinea)
* ''[Acronychia normanbyensis](/source/Acronychia_normanbyensis)'' <small>T.G.Hartley</small> — (New Guinea)
* ''[Acronychia oblongifolia](/source/Acronychia_oblongifolia)'' <small>[A.Cunn.](/source/A.Cunn.) ex [Hook.](/source/Hook.)</small> — white aspen, yellow wood (Qld., N.S.W., Vic.)
* ''[Acronychia octandra](/source/Acronychia_octandra)'' <small>(F.Muell.) T.G.Hartley</small> — doughwood, silver birch, soapwood (Qld., N.S.W.)
* ''[Acronychia papuana](/source/Acronychia_papuana)'' <small>Gibbs</small> — (New Guinea)
* ''[Acronychia parviflora](/source/Acronychia_parviflora)'' <small>C.T.White</small> — (Qld.)
* ''[Acronychia pauciflora](/source/Acronychia_pauciflora)'' <small>C.T.White</small> — (Qld., N.S.W.)
* ''[Acronychia pedunculata](/source/Acronychia_pedunculata)'' <small>([L.](/source/Carl_Linnaeus)) [Miq.](/source/Miq.)</small> — South and Southeast Asia
* ''[Acronychia peninsularis](/source/Acronychia_peninsularis)'' <small>T.G.Hartley</small> — (Qld.)
* ''[Acronychia pubescens](/source/Acronychia_pubescens)'' <small>(F.M.Bailey) C.T.White</small> — (Qld., N.S.W.)
* ''[Acronychia pullei](/source/Acronychia_pullei)'' <small>Lauterb.</small> — (New Guinea)
* ''[Acronychia reticulata](/source/Acronychia_reticulata)'' <small>Lauterb.</small> — (New Guinea)
* ''[Acronychia richards-beehleri](/source/Acronychia_richards-beehleri)'' <small>[Takeuchi](/source/H.Takeuchi)</small> — (New Guinea)
* ''[Acronychia rubescens](/source/Acronychia_rubescens)'' <small>Lauterb.</small> — (New Guinea)
* ''[Acronychia rugosa](/source/Acronychia_rugosa)'' <small>T.G.Hartley</small> — (New Guinea)
* ''[Acronychia schistacea](/source/Acronychia_schistacea)'' <small>T.G.Hartley</small> — (New Guinea)
* ''[Acronychia similaris](/source/Acronychia_similaris)'' <small>T.G.Hartley</small> — (New Guinea)
* ''[Acronychia smithii](/source/Acronychia_smithii)'' <small>T.G.Hartley</small> — (New Guinea)
* ''[Acronychia suberosa](/source/Acronychia_suberosa)'' <small>C.T.White</small> — (Qld., N.S.W.)
* ''[Acronychia trifoliolata](/source/Acronychia_trifoliolata)'' <small>[Zoll.](/source/Zoll.) & [Moritzi](/source/Moritzi)</small> — (Christmas Island to the Solomon Islands)
* ''[Acronychia vestita](/source/Acronychia_vestita)'' <small>F.Muell.</small> — (Qld.)
* ''[Acronychia wabagensis](/source/Acronychia_wabagensis)'' <small>T.G.Hartley</small> — (New Guinea)
* ''[Acronychia wilcoxiana](/source/Acronychia_wilcoxiana)'' <small>(F.Muell.) T.G.Hartley</small> — (Qld., N.S.W.)
* ''[Acronychia wisseliana](/source/Acronychia_wisseliana)'' <small>T.G.Hartley</small> — (New Guinea)
{{div col end}}

== Uses==
The best known species of ''Acronychia'' is probably ''[A. acidula](/source/Acronychia_acidula)'' due to its promotion as a food plant.<ref name="ANPSA">{{cite web |title=''Acronychia acidula'' |url=http://anpsa.org.au/a-aci.html |publisher=Australian Native Plants Society (Australia) |accessdate=1 July 2020}}</ref>

===Gallery===
<gallery>
Image:Acronychia acidula1.jpg| ''[Acronychia acidula](/source/Acronychia_acidula)'' fruit
Image:Acronychia pedunculata Fruits 1.jpg| ''[Acronychia pedunculata](/source/Acronychia_pedunculata)'' fruit
Image: ScentedAcronychia-flowers.JPG| [Scented acronychia](/source/Acronychia_littoralis)
</gallery>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q2590035}}

Category:Acronychia
Category:Zanthoxyloideae genera

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Acronychia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acronychia) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acronychia?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.