# Acanthopagrus

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Genus of fishes

Acanthopagrus Acanthopagrus butcheri Scientific classification Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Actinopterygii Order: Acanthuriformes Family: Sparidae Genus: Acanthopagrus W. K. H. Peters, 1855 Type species Chrysophrys vagus W. K. H. Peters, 1852[1] Synonyms[1] Mylio Munro, 1949 Neosparus Akazaki 1994

***Acanthopagrus*** is a [genus](/source/Genus) of marine [ray-finned fishes](/source/Ray-finned_fish) belonging to the [family](/source/Family_(taxonomy)) [Sparidae](/source/Sparidae), the sea breams and porgies. The fish in this genus are found in the Indian and western Pacific Oceans.

## Taxonomy

*Acanthopagrus* was first proposed as a [monospecific genus](/source/Monospecific_genus) in 1855 by the German zoologist [Wilhelm Peters](/source/Wilhelm_Peters), with its only species, and [type species](/source/Type_species), being *Chrysophrys vagus* which Peters had [described](/source/Species_description) in 1852 from [Sena](/source/Vila_de_Sena) on the [Zambezi River](/source/Zambezi_River) in Mozambqiue.[2] The genus *Acanthopagrus* is placed in the family Sparidae within the [order](/source/Order_(biology)) [Spariformes](/source/Spariformes) by the 5th edition of *[Fishes of the World](/source/Fishes_of_the_World)*.[3] Some authorities classify this genus in the subfamily Sparinae,[4] but the 5th edition of Fishes of the World does not recognise subfamilies within the Sparidae.[3]

## Etymology

*Acanthopagrus* is a compound of *acanthus*, meaning "thorn" or "spine", this allusion was not explained by Peters but may be a reference to the robust spines on the [dorsal fin](/source/Dorsal_fin) and the enlarged second anal-fin spine of the type species, with *pagrus*, which is derived from *phagros*, an ancient Greek name for sea breams, used as far back as [Aristotle](/source/Aristotle)'s life.[5]

## Species

There are currently 22 recognized species in this genus:[2]

- *[Acanthopagrus akazakii](/source/Acanthopagrus_akazakii)* [Iwatsuki](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yukio_Iwatsuki&action=edit&redlink=1), [Kimura](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Seishi_Kimura&action=edit&redlink=1) & [Yoshino](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tetsuo_Yoshino&action=edit&redlink=1), 2006 (New Caledonian seabream)

- *[Acanthopagrus arabicus](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Acanthopagrus_arabicus&action=edit&redlink=1)* Iwatsuki, 2013 (Arabian yellowfin seabream) [6]

- *[Acanthopagrus australis](/source/Acanthopagrus_australis)* [Günther](/source/Albert_G%C3%BCnther), 1859 (Surf bream)

- *[Acanthopagrus berda](/source/Acanthopagrus_berda)* [Fabricius](/source/Johan_Christian_Fabricius), 1775 (Goldsilk seabream)

- *[Acanthopagrus bifasciatus](/source/Acanthopagrus_bifasciatus)* [Forsskål](/source/Peter_Forssk%C3%A5l), 1775 (Twobar seabream)

- *[Acanthopagrus butcheri](/source/Acanthopagrus_butcheri)* [Munro](/source/Ian_Stafford_Ross_Munro), 1949 (Southern black bream)

- *[Acanthopagrus catenula](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Acanthopagrus_catenula&action=edit&redlink=1)* [Lacépède](/source/Bernard_Germain_de_Lac%C3%A9p%C3%A8de), 1801 (Bridled seabream)

- *[Acanthopagrus chinshira](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Acanthopagrus_chinshira&action=edit&redlink=1)* [Kume](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Masayuki_Kume&action=edit&redlink=1) & Yoshino, 2008 (Okinawan yellowfin seabream)

- *[Acanthopagrus oconnorae](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Acanthopagrus_oconnorae&action=edit&redlink=1)* [Pombo-Ayora](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Luc%C3%ADa_Pombo-Ayora&action=edit&redlink=1), Viktor N. Peinemann, Collin T. Williams, Song He, Yu Jia Lin, Yukio Iwatsuki, Donal D. C. Bradley and [Berumen](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Michael_L._Berumen&action=edit&redlink=1), 2022[7][8]

- *[Acanthopagrus datnia](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Acanthopagrus_datnia&action=edit&redlink=1)* [Hamilton](/source/Francis_Buchanan-Hamilton), 1822 (Bengal Yellowfin Seabream)[9]

- *[Acanthopagrus estuarius](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Acanthopagrus_estuarius&action=edit&redlink=1)* ([Gilchrist](/source/John_Gilchrist_(zoologist)) & [W. W. Thompson](/source/William_Wardlaw_Thompson) 1908)

- *[Acanthopagrus latus](/source/Acanthopagrus_latus)* [Houttuyn](/source/Martinus_Houttuyn), 1782 (Yellowfin seabream)

- *[Acanthopagrus morrisoni](/source/Acanthopagrus_morrisoni)* Iwatsuki, 2013 (Western yellowfin seabream) [6]

- *[Acanthopagrus oconnorae](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Acanthopagrus_oconnorae&action=edit&redlink=1)* [Pombo-Ayora & Peinemann](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pombo-Ayora_%26_Peinemann&action=edit&redlink=1), 2022 (Red Sea Yellowfin Seabream)

- *[Acanthopagrus omanensis](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Acanthopagrus_omanensis&action=edit&redlink=1)* Iwatsuki & [Heemstra](/source/Phillip_C._Heemstra), 2010 (Black margined seabream)

- *[Acanthopagrus pacificus](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Acanthopagrus_pacificus&action=edit&redlink=1)* Iwatsuki, Kume & Yoshino, 2010 (Pacific seabream)

- *[Acanthopagrus palmaris](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Acanthopagrus_palmaris&action=edit&redlink=1)* [Whiltey](/source/Gilbert_Percy_Whitley), 1935 (North West black bream)

- *[Acanthopagrus randalli](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Acanthopagrus_randalli&action=edit&redlink=1)* Iwatsuki & [K. E. Carpenter](/source/Kent_E._Carpenter), 2009 (Middle East black seabream)

- *[Acanthopagrus schlegelii](/source/Acanthopagrus_schlegelii)* [Bleeker](/source/Pieter_Bleeker), 1854 (Blackhead seabream) - *A. s. czerskii* [L. S. Berg](/source/Lev_Berg), 1914 - *A. s. schlegelii* Bleeker, 1854

- *[Acanthopagrus sheim](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Acanthopagrus_sheim&action=edit&redlink=1)* Iwatsuki, 2013 (Spotted yellowfin seabream) [6]

- *[Acanthopagrus sivicolus](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Acanthopagrus_sivicolus&action=edit&redlink=1)* [Akazaki](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Masato_Akazaki&action=edit&redlink=1), 1962 (Okinawa seabream)

- *[Acanthopagrus taiwanensis](/source/Acanthopagrus_taiwanensis)* Iwatsuki & K. E. Carpenter, 2006 (Taiwan picnic seabream)

- *[Acanthopagrus vagus](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Acanthopagrus_vagus&action=edit&redlink=1)* W. K. H. Peters, 1852 (River bream)

## Characteristics

*Acanthopagrus* sea breams are characterised by the possessopn of a number of pairs of large, peg-shaped canines in the front of the jaw, an outer row of shorter canines along each side of the jaws and a few inner rows of rounded molar-like teeth at the rear of the jaws. The molar-like teeth become slightly larger towards the rear of each jaw. The dorsal fin is supported by between 12 and 15, infrequently 10 or 11, segmented rays and the [anal fin](/source/Anal_fin) is supported by 8 to 10 segmented rays. The second spine of the anal fin is very robust and is markedly longer than the third spines. Most of the scales are [ctenoid](/source/Ctenoid) but there are no scales on the space between the eyes.[10] They have moderately deep compressed bodies and moderately large eyes. Their overall colour is silvery with a darker back and paler belly.[11] The largest species in the genus is the goldsilk seabream (*A. berda*) with a maximum published [total length](/source/Total_length) of 90 cm (35 in) while the smallest is *A. akazakii*.[12]

## Distribution

*Acanthopagrus* sea breams are found in the Indian and Western Pacific Oceans from the eastern coast of Africa and the [Red Sea](/source/Red_Sea) as far east as [New Caledonia](/source/New_Caledonia), south to Australia and north to Japan.[11][12]

## See also

- [Sparus](/source/Sparus)

## References

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-CofF_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-CofF_1-1) Fricke, Ron; [Eschmeyer, William N.](/source/William_N._Eschmeyer) & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). ["Genera in the family Sparidae"](http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?tbl=genus&family=Sparidae). *[Catalog of Fishes](/source/Catalog_of_Fishes)*. [California Academy of Sciences](/source/California_Academy_of_Sciences). Retrieved 19 December 2023.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-CofF2_2-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-CofF2_2-1) Fricke, Ron; [Eschmeyer, William N.](/source/William_N._Eschmeyer) & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). ["Species in the genus *Acanthopagrus*"](http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?tbl=species&genus=Acanthopagrus). *[Catalog of Fishes](/source/Catalog_of_Fishes)*. [California Academy of Sciences](/source/California_Academy_of_Sciences). Retrieved 19 December 2023.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Nelson5_3-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Nelson5_3-1) [Nelson, J.S.](/source/Joseph_S._Nelson); Grande, T.C.; Wilson, M.V.H. (2016). *Fishes of the World* (5th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: [John Wiley & Sons](/source/John_Wiley_%26_Sons). pp. 502–506. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1002/9781119174844](https://doi.org/10.1002%2F9781119174844). [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-118-34233-6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-118-34233-6). [LCCN](/source/LCCN_(identifier)) [2015037522](https://lccn.loc.gov/2015037522). [OCLC](/source/OCLC_(identifier)) [951899884](https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/951899884). [OL](/source/OL_(identifier)) [25909650M](https://openlibrary.org/books/OL25909650M).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Parenti_4-0)** Parenti, P. (2019). ["An annotated checklist of the fishes of the family Sparidae"](https://fishtaxa.com/menuscript/index.php/ft/article/view/49/52). *FishTaxa*. **4** (2): 47–98.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-ETYFish_5-0)** ["Order SPARIFORMES: Families LETHRINIDAE, NEMIPTERIDAE and SPARIDAE"](https://web.archive.org/web/20231030165034/https://etyfish.org/spariformes/). *The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database*. Christopher Scharpf. 17 October 2022. Archived from [the original](https://etyfish.org/spariformes/) on 30 October 2023. Retrieved 18 December 2023.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Iwatsuki2013_6-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Iwatsuki2013_6-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-Iwatsuki2013_6-2) Iwatsuki, Y. (2013). ["Review of the *Acanthopagrus latus* complex (Perciformes: Sparidae) with descriptions of three new species from the Indo-West Pacific Ocean"](https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fjfb.12151). *Journal of Fish Biology*. **83** (1): 64–95. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2013JFBio..83...64I](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013JFBio..83...64I). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1111/jfb.12151](https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fjfb.12151). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [23808693](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23808693).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** Lucía Pombo-Ayora, Viktor N. Peinemann, Collin T. Williams, Song He, Yu Jia Lin, Yukio Iwatsuki, Donal D. C. Bradley and Michael L. Berumen. 2022. Acanthopagrus oconnorae, A New Species of Seabream (Sparidae) from the Red Sea. Journal of Fish Biology. DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15147

1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** Researchgate.net/publication/361611221_Acanthopagrus_oconnorae_a_new_species_of_Sparidae_from_the_Red_Sea

1. **[^](#cite_ref-9)** Hasan, M. E. et al. (2020) (11 March 2020). ["Acanthopagrus datnia (Hamilton, 1822), a senior synonym of Acanthopagrus longispinnis (Valenciennes, 1830) (Perciformes: Sparidae). Zootaxa 4750 (2): 131-151"](https://www.biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.4750.2.1). *Zootaxa*. **4750** (2): 151–181. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.11646/zootaxa.4750.2.1](https://doi.org/10.11646%2Fzootaxa.4750.2.1). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20200314073849/https://www.biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.4750.2.1) from the original on 2020-03-14.{{[cite journal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_journal)}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ([link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list))

1. **[^](#cite_ref-FofA_10-0)** Martin F. Gomon; Dianne J. Bray. ["*Acanthopagrus*"](https://fishesofaustralia.net.au/home/genus/12). *Fishes of Australia*. Museums Victoria. Retrieved 19 December 2023.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Heemstra_11-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Heemstra_11-1) Yukio Iwatsuki and Phillip C Heemstra (2022). "Family Sparidae". In [Phillip C Heemstra](/source/Phil_Heemstra); Elaine Heemstra; David A Ebert; Wouter Holleman; and [John E Randall](/source/John_Ernest_Randall) (eds.). [*Coastal Fishes of the Western Indian Ocean*](https://saiab.ac.za/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/1._wiof_volume_3_text.pdf) (PDF). Vol. 3. South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity. pp. 284–315. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-990951-32-9](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-990951-32-9).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Fishbase_12-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Fishbase_12-1) [Froese, Rainer](/source/Rainer_Froese); [Pauly, Daniel](/source/Daniel_Pauly) (eds.). ["Species in genus *Acanthopagrus*"](https://www.fishbase.org/identification/SpeciesList.php?genus=Acanthopagrus). *[FishBase](/source/FishBase)*. October 2023 version.

Taxon identifiers Acanthopagrus Wikidata: Q2716186 Wikispecies: Acanthopagrus AFD: Acanthopagrus BOLD: 3485 CoL: C8XXV GBIF: 2392269 iNaturalist: 86187 IRMNG: 1280277 ITIS: 647861 NCBI: 8176 Open Tree of Life: 760732 Plazi: F446AA1A-8078-FFDA-9FAE-05708D7E3B37 WoRMS: 206669

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Acanthopagrus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acanthopagrus) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acanthopagrus?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.