# Abu Doha

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{{Short description|Algerian alleged member of al-Qaeda}}
{{Infobox criminal
| honorific_prefix = 
| name = Abu Doha
| honorific_suffix = 
| native_name = أبو ضحى
| native_name_lang = ar
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| birth_name = Hider Hanani
| birth_date = {{birth year and age|1963}}
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| other_names = Amar Makhlulif
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| organization = Al-Qaeda
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| allegiance = GSPC 
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'''Hider Hanani'''<ref name=realname>{{cite news |url=http://www.birminghammail.co.uk/news/local-news/terror-suspect-held-for-seven-years-237565 |work=Birmingham Mail |date=3 January 2009 |title=Terror suspect held for seven years without charge in British prison |accessdate=1 February 2016}} [http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Seven+years+in+'Midland+Guantanamo'+EXCLUSIVE+MAN+CAGED+DESPITE...-a0191444706 mirror.]</ref> (b. 1963), alias '''Amar Makhlulif''' and ''[kunya](/source/Kunya_(Arabic))'' '''Abu Doha''' ({{langx|ar|أبو ضحى}}), is an Algerian alleged to be member of the [al-Qaeda](/source/al-Qaeda) and [GSPC](/source/Al-Qaeda_group_in_the_Maghreb) terrorist networks.<ref name=warning>{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/crime/warning-signs-of-algerian-terror-cells-as-early-as-1994-124430.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160213204454/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/crime/warning-signs-of-algerian-terror-cells-as-early-as-1994-124430.html |archive-date=2016-02-13 |url-access=limited |url-status=live |title=Warning signs of Algerian terror cells as early as 1994 |first1=Ian |last1=Burrell |first2=John |last2=Lichfield |work=Independent |date=15 January 2003 |access-date=6 February 2016}}</ref>

Hanani claimed asylum when he first arrived in Britain in 1994. He left the country for Afghanistan from 1996 to 1999, where he admittedly attended the Khalden training camp.<ref name=bail>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/2240804/Terrorist-linked-to-Osama-bin-Laden-released-on-bail.html |title=Terrorist 'linked to Osama bin Laden' released on bail |first=Duncan |last=Gardham |work=Telegraph |date=3 July 2008 |access-date=6 February 2016}}</ref>

As a result of a German terrorism investigation, Hanani was arrested at [London Heathrow Airport](/source/London_Heathrow_Airport) in February 2001 while attempting to travel to [Jeddah](/source/Jeddah), Saudi Arabia on a forged passport.<ref name="TelyRome">{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1418311/Architect-of-terror-held-in-British-jail-cell.html |title='Architect of terror' held in British jail cell |work=Telegraph |date=9 January 2003 |accessdate=1 February 2016 |first=Sean |last=O'Neill}}</ref> Hanani was held on terrorism charges while his traveling companion [Rabah Kadre](/source/Rabah_Kadre) was suspected of an immigration violation.<ref name=signal>{{cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2002-nov-19-fg-eurofear19-story.html |title=Detentions Signal Fear in Europe |date=19 November 2002 |first=Sebastian |last=Rotella |work=[Los Angeles Times](/source/Los_Angeles_Times) |access-date=6 February 2016}}</ref>

Hanani was indicted in the United States in August 2001 for being the mastermind of the [plot to bomb the Los Angeles airport](/source/2000_millennium_attack_plots) during the 2000 millennium celebrations.<ref name=indictment>{{cite news |title=Alleged Mastermind in LAX Bomb Plot Indicted |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2001-aug-29-mn-39692-story.html |date=29 August 2001 |first=Josh |last=Meyer |work=Los Angeles Times |access-date=5 February 2016}}</ref> When [Ahmed Ressam](/source/Ahmed_Ressam) was apprehended, he had a business card with Hanani’s number and calling cards which were used to call it 11 days earlier.<ref name=indicted>{{cite news |title=Algerian indicted in LA airport bomb plot |url=http://m.washingtontimes.com/news/2001/aug/29/20010829-025025-2741r/ |date=29 August 2001 |work=[The Washington Times](/source/The_Washington_Times) |accessdate=8 February 2016}}</ref> Ressam's testimony provided evidence for the indictment, but after he stopped cooperating with prosecutors, they dropped the case in 2005.<ref name=limbo>{{cite news |url=http://www.seattletimes.com/nation-world/millenium-bomb-plot-suspect-still-in-british-legal-limbo/ |title=Millenium bomb-plot suspect still in British legal limbo |date=1 November 2006 |work=[The Seattle Times](/source/The_Seattle_Times) |agency=[Associated Press](/source/Associated_Press) |accessdate=1 February 2016 |first=Jill |last=Lawless}}</ref> Hanani has admitted meeting [Ahmed Ressam](/source/Ahmed_Ressam) in [Jalalabad](/source/Jalalabad), but not being involved in the millennium bombing plot.<ref name=bail />

After the U.S. extradition request was dropped, Hanani was held in prison under immigration powers by the British government.<ref name=bailruling>{{cite web 
|url=http://siac.decisions.tribunals.gov.uk/Documents/U_Ruling_29Jul11_YD.pdf
|title=U v Secretary of State for the Home Department |date=29 July 2011 |work=Special Immigration Appeals Commission |accessdate=7 February 2016}}</ref> Hanani was held in [Belmarsh Prison](/source/Belmarsh_Prison).<ref name=warning /> In July 2008, the [Special Immigration Appeals Commission](/source/Special_Immigration_Appeals_Commission) released him on bail, under 24-hour house arrest.<ref name=bailruling /> Although the British press was forced to identified him only as "U", details in the ruling identifies him clearly as Hanani.<ref name="U">{{cite news|last1=Burns|first1=John|title=2nd Terror Suspect Released in Britain|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/07/04/world/europe/04britain.html|accessdate=30 January 2016|work=New York Times|date=July 4, 2008}}</ref><ref name=lacking>{{cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2008-jun-29-fg-lax29-story.html |title=Lacking evidence, Britain to free LAX bomb plot suspect |first=Sebastian |last=Rotella |work=Los Angeles Times |date=29 June 2008 |access-date=6 February 2016}}</ref> In February 2009, Hanani was returned to Belmarsh Prison on the orders of the Home Secretary [Jacqui Smith](/source/Jacqui_Smith).<ref name=revoked>{{cite news |url=https://socialistworker.co.uk/art/16971/Exposed%3A+Britain%E2%80%99s+internal+rendition |title=Exposed: Britain's internal rendition |work=Socialist Worker |first=Anindya |last=Bhattacharyya |date=3 March 2009 |accessdate=5 February 2016}}</ref> After writing a statement that said he and his world views had changed, Hanani was released to house arrest again in a ruling in July 2011.<ref name=bailruling />

==Other allegations==
A call from Frankfurt, Germany on 24 December 2000 to Hanani was intercepted by [MI5](/source/MI5). The caller asked for more money and referred to an upcoming mission. The intercept was passed to German police and resulted in the arrest of the [Strasbourg cathedral bombing plot](/source/Strasbourg_cathedral_bombing_plot)ters.<ref name="paymaster1">{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2002/apr/21/terrorism.religion |title=Al-Qaeda's bombers used Britain to plot slaughter |work=Guardian |date=21 April 2002 |access-date=7 February 2016 |author=Harris, Paul |author2=Wazir, Burhan |author3=Connolly, Kate}}</ref> At their trial, the German judge said Hanani encouraged the perpetrators to carry out the attack.<ref name=german>{{cite news |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/2003/03/11/germany-sends-4-to-prison-in-new-years-plot/ |title=Germany sends 4 to prison in New Year's plot |date=11 March 2003 |access-date=7 February 2016 |work=Chicago Tribune |first=John |last=Crewdson}}</ref> He was also linked to the plot in a trial in France.<ref name="TelyRome"/><ref name=france>{{cite news |url=http://www.cbsnews.com/news/france-convicts-islamic-militants/ |title=France Convicts Islamic Militants |agency=Associated Press |work=CBS News |date=16 December 2004 |accessdate=7 February 2016 |first=Bootie |last=Cosgrove-Mather}}</ref>

Italy investigated Hanani in connection with a plot to bomb the American embassy in [Rome](/source/Rome) by a group in [Milan, Italy](/source/Milan%2C_Italy).<ref name="TelyRome"/><ref name=italiancell>{{cite web |title=Arrested Italian cell sheds light on Bin Laden's European network |url=http://www.publicintegrity.org/2001/10/03/3218/arrested-italian-cell-sheds-light-bin-ladens-european-network |date=3 October 2001 |accessdate=9 February 2016 |work=Center for Public Integrity |author=Sisti, Leo |author2=Beelman, Maud S.}}</ref>

All three countries deferred to the United States' extradition request, but when that was dropped, they could not pursue Hanani because the trials in these incidents were over.<ref name=free>{{cite magazine |url=http://content.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1552218,00.html |title=The Terror Suspect Who May Go Free |date=30 October 2006 |accessdate=6 February 2016 |magazine=[Time](/source/Time_(magazine)) |first=Bruce |last=Crumley}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

==External links==
*{{cite web |url=http://fl1.findlaw.com/news.findlaw.com/hdocs/docs/abudoha/laxindictment801.pdf |title=U.S.A. v Abu Doha |date=27 August 2001 |work=FindLaw |accessdate=5 February 2016}}
*{{cite web |url=http://siac.decisions.tribunals.gov.uk/Documents/sc_32_2005.pdf |title=U v Secretary of State for the Home Department |date=14 May 2007  |work=Special Immigration Appeals Commission |accessdate=1 February 2016}}
*{{cite web |url=http://siac.decisions.tribunals.gov.uk/Documents/outcomes/U_XC_and_UF_211209.pdf |title=U, XC, UF v Secretary of State for the Home Department |date=21 December 2009 |work=Special Immigration Appeals Commission |accessdate=1 February 2016}}
*{{cite web |url=http://www.refworld.org/pdfid/4bf252d92.pdf |title=U v Special Immigration Appeals Commission |date=27 April 2010 |publisher=[UNHCR](/source/UNHCR) |work=Refworld |accessdate=1 February 2016}}
*{{cite web |url=http://siac.decisions.tribunals.gov.uk/Documents/U_Ruling_29Jul11_YD.pdf |title=U v Secretary of State for the Home Department |date=29 July 2011 |work=Special Immigration Appeals Commission |accessdate=7 February 2016}}

{{AlgerianTerrorism|state=collapsed}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Doha, Abu}}
Category:Algerian al-Qaeda members
Category:Living people
Category:Islamic terrorism in France
Category:Islamic terrorism in the United Kingdom
Category:2000 millennium attack plots
Category:1963 births
Category:21st-century Algerian people

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Abu Doha](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Doha) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Doha?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.
