# API5

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Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

API5 Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 3U0R, 3V6A Identifiers Aliases API5, AAC-11, AAC11, apoptosis inhibitor 5 External IDs OMIM: 609774; MGI: 1888993; HomoloGene: 4809; GeneCards: API5; OMA:API5 - orthologs Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 11 (human)[1] Band 11p12 Start 43,311,963 bp[1] End 43,344,529 bp[1] Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 2 (mouse)[2] Band 2|2 E1 Start 94,242,027 bp[2] End 94,268,481 bp[2] RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in islet of Langerhans rectum ventricular zone superficial temporal artery oocyte parotid gland endometrium ganglionic eminence mucosa of paranasal sinus cecum Top expressed in primitive streak cumulus cell external carotid artery maxillary prominence retinal pigment epithelium ureter ciliary body lacrimal gland internal carotid artery conjunctival fornix More reference expression data BioGPS n/a Gene ontology Molecular function fibroblast growth factor binding protein binding RNA binding Cellular component cytoplasm spliceosomal complex membrane nucleus nuclear speck Biological process negative regulation of fibroblast apoptotic process negative regulation of apoptotic process apoptotic process Sources:Amigo / QuickGO Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 8539 11800 Ensembl ENSG00000166181 ENSMUSG00000027193 UniProt Q9BZZ5 O35841 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001142930 NM_001142931 NM_001243747 NM_006595 NM_007466 NM_001305258 NM_001349003 RefSeq (protein) NP_001136402 NP_001136403 NP_001230676 NP_006586 NP_001292187 NP_031492 NP_001335932 Location (UCSC) Chr 11: 43.31 – 43.34 Mb Chr 2: 94.24 – 94.27 Mb PubMed search [3] [4] Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

The human [gene](/source/Gene) **API5** encodes the [protein](/source/Protein) **Apoptosis inhibitor 5**.[5][6]

This gene encodes an [apoptosis](/source/Apoptosis) inhibitory protein whose expression prevents apoptosis after [growth factor](/source/Growth_factor) deprivation. This protein suppresses the [transcription factor](/source/Transcription_factor) [E2F1](/source/E2F1)-induced apoptosis and also interacts with, and negatively regulates acinus, a [nuclear](/source/Cell_nucleus) factor involved in apoptotic [DNA](/source/DNA) fragmentation. Its depletion enhances the [cytotoxic](/source/Cytotoxicity) action of [chemotherapeutic](/source/Chemotherapy) drugs. Crystal structure of API5 exhibits the function for protein-protein interaction [7]

Diseases associated with API5 include colon [adenocarcinoma](/source/Adenocarcinoma) and [cervical cancer](/source/Cervical_cancer).

API5 functions in nuclear export of mRNA.[8]

## References

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-refGRCh38Ensembl_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-refGRCh38Ensembl_1-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-refGRCh38Ensembl_1-2) [GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000166181](http://May2017.archive.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?db=core;g=ENSG00000166181) – [Ensembl](/source/Ensembl_genome_database_project), May 2017

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-refGRCm38Ensembl_2-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-refGRCm38Ensembl_2-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-refGRCm38Ensembl_2-2) [GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000027193](http://May2017.archive.ensembl.org/Mus_musculus/Gene/Summary?db=core;g=ENSMUSG00000027193) – [Ensembl](/source/Ensembl_genome_database_project), May 2017

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** ["Human PubMed Reference:"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Link&LinkName=gene_pubmed&from_uid=8539). *National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine*.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** ["Mouse PubMed Reference:"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Link&LinkName=gene_pubmed&from_uid=11800). *National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine*.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-pmid9307294_5-0)** Tewari M, Yu M, Ross B, Dean C, Giordano A, Rubin R (September 1997). "AAC-11, a novel cDNA that inhibits apoptosis after growth factor withdrawal". *Cancer Research*. **57** (18): 4063–9. [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [9307294](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9307294).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-entrez_6-0)** ["Entrez Gene: API5 apoptosis inhibitor 5"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=8539).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** Han BG, Kim KH, Lee SJ, Jeong KC, Cho JW, Noh KH, Kim TW, Kim SJ, Yoon HJ, Suh SW, Lee S, Lee BI (March 2012). ["Helical repeat structure of apoptosis inhibitor 5 reveals protein-protein interaction modules"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3322819). *The Journal of Biological Chemistry*. **287** (14): 10727–37. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1074/jbc.M111.317594](https://doi.org/10.1074%2Fjbc.M111.317594). [PMC](/source/PMC_(identifier)) [3322819](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3322819). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [22334682](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22334682).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** Bong SM, Bae SH, Song B, Gwak H, Yang SW, Kim S, Nam S, Rajalingam K, Oh SJ, Kim TW, Park S, Jang H, Lee BI (2020). ["Regulation of mRNA Export Through API5 and Nuclear FGF2 Interaction"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7293033). *Nucleic Acids Res*. **48** (11): 6340–6352. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1093/nar/gkaa335](https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fnar%2Fgkaa335). [PMC](/source/PMC_(identifier)) [7293033](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7293033). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [32383752](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32383752).

## Further reading

- Gianfrancesco F, Esposito T, Ciccodicola A, D'Esposito M, Mazzarella R, D'Urso M, Forabosco A (1999). "Molecular cloning and fine mapping of API5L1, a novel human gene strongly related to an antiapoptotic gene". *Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics*. **84** (3–4): 164–6. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1159/000015247](https://doi.org/10.1159%2F000015247). [hdl](/source/Hdl_(identifier)):[11380/305102](https://hdl.handle.net/11380%2F305102). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [10393420](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10393420). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [44601647](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:44601647).

- Kim JW, Cho HS, Kim JH, Hur SY, Kim TE, Lee JM, Kim IK, Namkoong SE (April 2000). ["AAC-11 overexpression induces invasion and protects cervical cancer cells from apoptosis"](https://doi.org/10.1038%2Flabinvest.3780008). *Laboratory Investigation; A Journal of Technical Methods and Pathology*. **80** (4): 587–94. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1038/labinvest.3780008](https://doi.org/10.1038%2Flabinvest.3780008). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [10780674](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10780674).

- Van den Berghe L, Laurell H, Huez I, Zanibellato C, Prats H, Bugler B (November 2000). ["FIF \[fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2)-interacting-factor\], a nuclear putatively antiapoptotic factor, interacts specifically with FGF-2"](https://doi.org/10.1210%2Fme.14.11.1709). *Molecular Endocrinology*. **14** (11): 1709–24. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1210/me.14.11.1709](https://doi.org/10.1210%2Fme.14.11.1709). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [11075807](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11075807).

- Sutherland HG, Mumford GK, Newton K, Ford LV, Farrall R, Dellaire G, Cáceres JF, Bickmore WA (September 2001). ["Large-scale identification of mammalian proteins localized to nuclear sub-compartments"](https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fhmg%2F10.18.1995). *Human Molecular Genetics*. **10** (18): 1995–2011. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1093/hmg/10.18.1995](https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fhmg%2F10.18.1995). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [11555636](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11555636).

- Li Z, Hu CY, Mo BQ, Xu JD, Zhao Y (April 2003). "[Effect of beta-carotene on gene expression of breast cancer cells]". *AI Zheng = Aizheng = Chinese Journal of Cancer*. **22** (4): 380–4. [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [12703993](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12703993).

- Andersen JS, Lam YW, Leung AK, Ong SE, Lyon CE, Lamond AI, Mann M (January 2005). "Nucleolar proteome dynamics". *Nature*. **433** (7021): 77–83. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2005Natur.433...77A](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005Natur.433...77A). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1038/nature03207](https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fnature03207). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [15635413](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15635413). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [4344740](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:4344740).

- Kim JE, Tannenbaum SR, White FM (2005). "Global phosphoproteome of HT-29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells". *Journal of Proteome Research*. **4** (4): 1339–46. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1021/pr050048h](https://doi.org/10.1021%2Fpr050048h). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [16083285](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16083285).

- Olsen JV, Blagoev B, Gnad F, Macek B, Kumar C, Mortensen P, Mann M (November 2006). ["Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks"](https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.cell.2006.09.026). *Cell*. **127** (3): 635–48. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1016/j.cell.2006.09.026](https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.cell.2006.09.026). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [17081983](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17081983). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [7827573](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:7827573).

- Morris EJ, Michaud WA, Ji JY, Moon NS, Rocco JW, Dyson NJ (November 2006). ["Functional identification of Api5 as a suppressor of E2F-dependent apoptosis in vivo"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1636698). *PLOS Genetics*. **2** (11): e196. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1371/journal.pgen.0020196](https://doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pgen.0020196). [PMC](/source/PMC_(identifier)) [1636698](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1636698). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [17112319](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17112319).

- Han BG, Kim KH, Lee SJ, Jeong KC, Cho JW, Noh KH, Kim TW, Kim SJ, Yoon HJ, Suh SW, Lee S, Lee BI (2012). ["Helical repeat structure of apoptosis inhibitor 5 reveals protein-protein interaction modules"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3322819). *J Biol Chem*. **287** (14): 10727–37. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1074/jbc.M111.317594](https://doi.org/10.1074%2Fjbc.M111.317594). [PMC](/source/PMC_(identifier)) [3322819](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3322819). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [22334682](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22334682).

- Bong SM, Bae SH, Song B, Gwak H, Yang SW, Kim S, Nam S, Rajalingam K, Oh SJ, Kim TW, Park S, Jang H, Lee BI (2020). ["Regulation of mRNA Export Through API5 and Nuclear FGF2 Interaction"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7293033). *Nucleic Acids Res*. **48** (11): 6340–6352. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1093/nar/gkaa335](https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fnar%2Fgkaa335). [PMC](/source/PMC_(identifier)) [7293033](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7293033). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [32383752](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32383752).

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [API5](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/API5) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/API5?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.