# 945

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Calendar year

Calendar year

Years Millennium 1st millennium Centuries 9th century 10th century 11th century Decades 920s 930s 940s 950s 960s Years 942 943 944 945 946 947 948 v t e

945 by topic Leaders Political entities State leaders Religious leaders Categories Births Deaths Establishments v t e

945 in various calendars Gregorian calendar 945 CMXLV Ab urbe condita 1698 Armenian calendar 394 ԹՎ ՅՂԴ Assyrian calendar 5695 Balinese saka calendar 866–867 Bengali calendar 351–352 Berber calendar 1895 Buddhist calendar 1489 Burmese calendar 307 Byzantine calendar 6453–6454 Chinese calendar 甲辰年 (Wood Dragon) 3642 or 3435 — to — 乙巳年 (Wood Snake) 3643 or 3436 Coptic calendar 661–662 Discordian calendar 2111 Ethiopian calendar 937–938 Hebrew calendar 4705–4706 Hindu calendars - Vikram Samvat 1001–1002 - Shaka Samvat 866–867 - Kali Yuga 4045–4046 Holocene calendar 10945 Iranian calendar 323–324 Islamic calendar 333–334 Japanese calendar Tengyō 8 (天慶８年) Javanese calendar 845–846 Julian calendar 945 CMXLV Korean calendar 3278 Minguo calendar 967 before ROC 民前967年 Nanakshahi calendar −523 Seleucid era 1256/1257 AG Thai solar calendar 1487–1488 Tibetan calendar ཤིང་ཕོ་འབྲུག་ལོ་ (male Wood-Dragon) 1071 or 690 or −82 — to — ཤིང་མོ་སྦྲུལ་ལོ་ (female Wood-Snake) 1072 or 691 or −81

[Igor I](/source/Igor_of_Kiev) collects [tribute](/source/Tribute) from the [Drevlians](/source/Drevlians).

Year **945** (**[CMXLV](/source/Roman_numerals)**) was a [common year starting on Wednesday](/source/Common_year_starting_on_Wednesday) of the [Julian calendar](/source/Julian_calendar).

## Events

### By place

#### Byzantine Empire

- [January 27](/source/January_27) – The co-emperors [Stephen](/source/Stephen_Lekapenos) and [Constantine](/source/Constantine_Lekapenos) are overthrown barely a month after deposing their father, [Romanos I](/source/Romanos_I_Lekapenos). With the help of his wife, [Constantine VII](/source/Constantine_VII) becomes sole emperor of the [Byzantine Empire](/source/Byzantine_Empire). He appoints to the highest army commands four members of the [Phokas](/source/Phokas_(Byzantine_family)) family, which have been in disgrace under Romanos.

- Constantine VII concludes a [Rus'–Byzantine treaty](/source/Rus'%E2%80%93Byzantine_Treaty_(945)) in which Rus' [merchants](/source/Merchant) are to conduct their [trade](/source/Trade) in [Constantinople](/source/Constantinople). While many Rus' make their fortunes in trade with the [Arab Muslims](/source/Arab_Muslims), the [Rurik Dynasty](/source/Rurik_dynasty) of [Kiev](/source/Kiev) grows rich from Byzantine commerce.[1]

#### Europe

- Spring – [Berengar of Ivrea](/source/Berengar_II_of_Italy) invades [Italy](/source/Italy) with hired [Lombard](/source/Lombardy) troops and takes up residence in [Milan](/source/Milan). Berengar proceeds to [Verona](/source/Verona), where he is joined by forces of Count [Milo](/source/Milo_of_Verona) and other partisans.

- King [Hugh of Provence](/source/Hugh_of_Italy) lays [siege](/source/Siege) to [Vignola](/source/Vignola) to put an end to Berengar's advance. But to no avail, as Berengar of Ivrea is hailed throughout northern Italy as a liberator, and Hugh flees to [Provence](/source/Provence).

- [April 13](/source/April_13) – Hugh of Provence abdicates the throne in favor of his son [Lothair II](/source/Lothair_II_of_Italy) (who has been co-ruler since [931](/source/931)) and is acclaimed as sole king of [Lombardia](/source/Kingdom_of_Italy_(Holy_Roman_Empire)). Hugh is allowed to retire in [Pavia](/source/Pavia).

- [Igor I](/source/Igor_of_Kiev), ruler of the [Kievan Rus'](/source/Kievan_Rus'), is killed while collecting [tribute](/source/Tribute) from the [Drevlians](/source/Drevlians) and is succeeded by his three-year-old son [Sviatoslav I](/source/Sviatoslav_I_of_Kiev). His mother [Olga](/source/Olga_of_Kiev) becomes [regent](/source/Regent) and the official ruler.

- Summer – King [Louis IV](/source/Louis_IV_of_France) ("d'Outremer") is captured by the [Normans](/source/Normans) and handed over to [Hugh the Great](/source/Hugh_the_Great). In return for the release of Louis, [Laon](/source/Laon) surrenders to him in compensation.[2]

- Caliph [Abd-al-Rahman III](/source/Abd-ar-Rahman_III) occupies the palace of [Medina Azahara](/source/Medina_Azahara) (called "the shining city") as the new capital of the [Caliphate of Córdoba](/source/Caliphate_of_C%C3%B3rdoba) (modern [Spain](/source/Spain)).

#### England

- King [Edmund I](/source/Edmund_I) conquers [Strathclyde](/source/Kingdom_of_Strathclyde), forms an alliance with [Malcolm I](/source/Malcolm_I_of_Scotland) (king of the 'Picts and Scots') and cedes [Cumberland](/source/Cumberland) and [Westmorland](/source/Westmorland) to him.

- King [Hywel Dda](/source/Hywel_Dda) ("the Good") convenes a conference at [Whitland](/source/Whitland), which draws up a standardized code of [laws](/source/Welsh_law) in [Wales](/source/Wales) (approximate date).

#### Arabian Empire

- Summer – [Sayf al-Dawla](/source/Sayf_al-Dawla) is defeated by Muslim forces under [Muhammad ibn Tughj al-Ikhshid](/source/Muhammad_ibn_Tughj_al-Ikhshid) near [Qinnasrin](/source/Qinnasrin). He is forced to abandon his Syrian domains and flees to [Raqqa](/source/Raqqa). In October the two men come to an agreement, which recognizes [Hamdanid](/source/Hamdanid_dynasty) rule over northern [Syria](/source/Bilad_al-Sham), founding the [Emirate of Aleppo](/source/Aleppo#Medieval_period).

- Winter – Muslim forces under [Nasir al-Dawla](/source/Nasir_al-Dawla) capture [Baghdad](/source/Baghdad) and restore Caliph [Al-Muttaqi](/source/Al-Muttaqi) to power again. Al-Dawla establishes himself as *[amir al-umara](/source/Amir_al-umara)*, or *[de facto](/source/De_facto)* regent of the [Abbasid Caliphate](/source/Abbasid_Caliphate).

#### China

- Autumn – The [Min Kingdom](/source/Min_(Ten_Kingdoms)) is destroyed by the [Southern Tang](/source/Southern_Tang). Emperor [Yuan Zong](/source/Li_Jing_(Southern_Tang)) expands its domains beyond those of the former [Wu Kingdom](/source/Wu_(Ten_Kingdoms)). He annexes Min territory into its own boundaries.

### By topic

#### Religion

- [Dunstan](/source/Dunstan) becomes [abbot](/source/Abbot) of [Glastonbury Abbey](/source/Glastonbury_Abbey) in [England](/source/Kingdom_of_England). He re-creates [monastic life](/source/Christian_monasticism) by establishing [Benedictine](/source/Order_of_Saint_Benedict) monasticism in the [monastery](/source/Monastery).

## Births

- [Abbo of Fleury](/source/Abbo_of_Fleury), French monk and [abbot](/source/Abbot) (approximate date)

- [Adelaide of Aquitaine](/source/Adelaide_of_Aquitaine), French queen consort (or [952](/source/952))

- [Al-Muqaddasi](/source/Al-Muqaddasi), Arab Muslim [geographer](/source/Geographer) (approximate date)

- [Al-Sijzi](/source/Al-Sijzi), Persian astronomer and [mathematician](/source/Mathematics_in_medieval_Islam) (d. [1020](/source/1020))

- [Eric the Victorious](/source/Eric_the_Victorious), king of [Sweden](/source/Sweden) (approximate date)

- [Judah ben David Hayyuj](/source/Judah_ben_David_Hayyuj), Jewish [linguist](/source/Linguistics) (approximate date)

- [Tróndur í Gøtu](/source/Tr%C3%B3ndur_%C3%AD_G%C3%B8tu), Viking chieftain (approximate date)

## Deaths

- [January 21](/source/January_21) – [Yang Tan](/source/Yang_Guangyuan), Chinese general and governor

- [February 14](/source/February_14) - [Lian Chongyu](/source/Lian_Chongyu), Chinese general - [Zhu Wenjin](/source/Zhu_Wenjin), emperor of [Min](/source/Min_(Ten_Kingdoms)) ([Ten Kingdoms](/source/Ten_Kingdoms))

- [June 30](/source/June_30) – [Ki no Tsurayuki](/source/Ki_no_Tsurayuki), Japanese writer and [poet](/source/Japanese_poetry) (b. [872](/source/872))

- [July 4](/source/July_4) – [Zhuo Yanming](/source/Zhuo_Yanming), Chinese [Buddhist monk](/source/Bhikkhu) and emperor

- [October 23](/source/October_23) – [Hyejong](/source/Hyejong_of_Goryeo), king of [Goryeo](/source/Goryeo) ([Korea](/source/Korea)) (b. [912](/source/912))

- [Abu Muhammad al-Hasan](/source/Abu_Muhammad_al-Hasan_al-Hamdani), Arab Muslim [geographer](/source/Geographer) (b. [893](/source/893))

- [Adarnase II](/source/Adarnase_II_of_Klarjeti), prince of [Tao-Klarjeti](/source/Principality_of_Tao-Klarjeti) ([Georgia](/source/Georgia_(country)))

- [Bagrat I](/source/Bagrat_I_of_Tao), prince of Tao-Klarjeti (Georgia)

- [Fujiwara no Nakahira](/source/Fujiwara_no_Nakahira), Japanese statesman (b. [875](/source/875))

- [Igor I](/source/Igor_of_Kiev), Varangian ruler of [Kievan Rus'](/source/Kievan_Rus')

- [Krešimir I](/source/Kre%C5%A1imir_I_of_Croatia), king of [Croatian Kingdom](/source/Kingdom_of_Croatia_(925%E2%80%931102))

- [Song Fujin](/source/Song_Fujin), empress and wife of [Li Bian](/source/Li_Bian)

- [Tuzun](/source/Tuzun_(amir_al-umara)), Abbasid general and *[de facto](/source/De_facto)* ruler

- [Wang Jichang](/source/Wang_Jichang), Chinese general and [chancellor](/source/Chancellor_of_the_Tang_dynasty)

- [Yang Sigong](/source/Yang_Sigong), Chinese official and chancellor

- [Zhang Gongduo](/source/Zhang_Gongduo), Chinese general and official

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** Timothy Reuter (1999). *The New Cambridge Medieval History, Volume III*, p. 509. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-521-36447-8](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-36447-8).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** Timothy Reuter (1999). *The New Cambridge Medieval History, Volume III*, p. 385. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-521-36447-8](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-36447-8).

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [945](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/945) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/945?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.