# 705

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Calendar year

Calendar year

Years Millennium 1st millennium Centuries 7th century 8th century 9th century Decades 680s 690s 700s 710s 720s Years 702 703 704 705 706 707 708 v t e

705 by topic Leaders Political entities State leaders Religious leaders Categories Births Deaths Establishments Disestablishments v t e

705 in various calendars Gregorian calendar 705 DCCV Ab urbe condita 1458 Armenian calendar 154 ԹՎ ՃԾԴ Assyrian calendar 5455 Balinese saka calendar 626–627 Bengali calendar 111–112 Berber calendar 1655 Buddhist calendar 1249 Burmese calendar 67 Byzantine calendar 6213–6214 Chinese calendar 甲辰年 (Wood Dragon) 3402 or 3195 — to — 乙巳年 (Wood Snake) 3403 or 3196 Coptic calendar 421–422 Discordian calendar 1871 Ethiopian calendar 697–698 Hebrew calendar 4465–4466 Hindu calendars - Vikram Samvat 761–762 - Shaka Samvat 626–627 - Kali Yuga 3805–3806 Holocene calendar 10705 Iranian calendar 83–84 Islamic calendar 85–87 Japanese calendar Keiun 2 (慶雲２年) Javanese calendar 597–598 Julian calendar 705 DCCV Korean calendar 3038 Minguo calendar 1207 before ROC 民前1207年 Nanakshahi calendar −763 Seleucid era 1016/1017 AG Thai solar calendar 1247–1248 Tibetan calendar ཤིང་ཕོ་འབྲུག་ལོ་ (male Wood-Dragon) 831 or 450 or −322 — to — ཤིང་མོ་སྦྲུལ་ལོ་ (female Wood-Snake) 832 or 451 or −321

[Pope John VII](/source/Pope_John_VII) (705–707)

Year **705** (**[DCCV](/source/Roman_numerals)**) was a [common year starting on Thursday](/source/Common_year_starting_on_Thursday) of the [Julian calendar](/source/Julian_calendar), the 705th year of the [Common Era](/source/Common_Era) (CE) and [Anno Domini](/source/Anno_Domini) (AD) designations, the 705th year of the [1st millennium](/source/1st_millennium), the 5th year of the [8th century](/source/8th_century), and the 6th year of the [700s](/source/700s_(decade)) decade. The denomination 705 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the [Anno Domini](/source/Anno_Domini) [calendar era](/source/Calendar_era) became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

## Events

### By place

#### Byzantine Empire

- Spring – An army of 15,000 [Bulgar](/source/Bulgars) and [Slav](/source/Slavs) horsemen under [Justinian II](/source/Justinian_II) appear before the walls of [Constantinople](/source/Constantinople).[1] After three days, his troops discover an unused [water conduit](/source/Aqueduct_(water_supply)) under the walls of the city, and enter through the [Valens Aqueduct](/source/Valens_Aqueduct). Hearing that Justinian has taken control of the [Blachernae Palace](/source/Palace_of_Blachernae), Emperor [Tiberios III](/source/Tiberios_III) flees to [Bithynia](/source/Bithynia) (modern [Turkey](/source/Turkey)), where he evades capture for several months.[2]

- Justinian II ascends to the [throne](/source/Throne) again and rewards his ally [Tervel](/source/Tervel_of_Bulgaria), ruler (*[khagan](/source/Khagan)*) of the [Bulgarian Empire](/source/First_Bulgarian_Empire), for his assistance with the title of kaisar (*[Caesar](/source/Caesar_(title))*), which makes him second only to Justinian and the first foreign ruler in [Byzantine history](/source/History_of_the_Byzantine_Empire) to receive such a title, and a territorial concession in northeastern [Thrace](/source/Thrace), a region called [Zagora](/source/Zagore_(region)) in modern-day [Bulgaria](/source/Bulgaria).[3][4]

#### Europe

- Duke [Gisulf I of Benevento](/source/Gisulf_I_of_Benevento) captures the cities of [Sora](/source/Sora%2C_Lazio), [Arpino](/source/Arpino), and [Arce](/source/Arce%2C_Italy) (Central [Italy](/source/Italy)). He marches as far as Horrea,[5] plundering and burning, before he is confronted with gifts by the [ambassadors](/source/Ambassador) of [Pope John VI](/source/Pope_John_VI), who [ransom](/source/Ransom) many of his captives.

#### Britain

- King [Ine of Wessex](/source/Ine_of_Wessex) becomes estranged from the kings [Sigeheard](/source/Sigeheard_of_Essex) and [Swæfred of Essex](/source/Sw%C3%A6fred_of_Essex), who are sheltering [exiled](/source/Exile) rivals to the [Wessex](/source/Wessex) throne. At a council at [Brentford](/source/Brentford), the latter agree to banish the exiles in return for Ine not attacking their kingdom.[6]

- Prince [Osred of Northumbria](/source/Osred_I_of_Northumbria), assisted by [ealdorman](/source/Ealdorman), defeats the usurper [Eadwulf I](/source/Eadwulf_I_of_Northumbria). He becomes king at the age of nine; the government is controlled by the powerful bishop [Wilfrid](/source/Wilfrid).

- King [Geraint of Dumnonia](/source/Geraint_of_Dumnonia) grants land at [Maker](/source/Maker%2C_Cornwall) ([Cornwall](/source/Cornwall)) to [Sherborne Abbey](/source/Sherborne_Abbey), in an attempt to strengthen his position in the disputed regions of [Dorset](/source/Dorset) (approximate date).

#### Arabian Empire

- [Arab](/source/Arab_people) forces gain power in Central Asia, as [Qutayba ibn Muslim](/source/Qutayba_ibn_Muslim) becomes governor of [Khorasan](/source/Greater_Khorasan). The region has grown rich from trade with China and Eastern Europe, its merchants dealing in [silk](/source/Silk), [furs](/source/Fur), [amber](/source/Amber), [honey](/source/Honey), and [walrus ivory](/source/Walrus_ivory). During his rule, Qutayba subjugates the mercantile cities of [Bukhara](/source/Bukhara) and [Samarkand](/source/Samarkand) (modern [Uzbekistan](/source/Uzbekistan)), as well as the [Oxus delta](/source/Amu_Darya) area of [Khwarezm](/source/Khwarezm), south of the [Aral Sea](/source/Aral_Sea).

- [October 8](/source/October_8) – Caliph [Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan](/source/Abd_al-Malik_ibn_Marwan) dies in his winter resort at [Al-Sinnabra](/source/Al-Sinnabra) ([Palestine](/source/Palestine_(region))), after a 20-year reign. During his rule, the financial administration of the [Umayyad Caliphate](/source/Umayyad_Caliphate) has been reorganized. Arab coins have replaced former [Byzantine](/source/Byzantine_Empire) and [Sassanian](/source/Sasanian_Empire) coins, and regular postal service has been established between [Damascus](/source/Damascus) and the provincial capitals. Abd al-Malik is succeeded by his son [Al-Walid I](/source/Al-Walid_I).[3][7]

- [Arab conquest of Armenia](/source/Arab_conquest_of_Armenia): Large-scale [Armenian](/source/Armenia) rebellion is suppressed by [Muhammad ibn Marwan](/source/Muhammad_ibn_Marwan). He captures and deports [Smbat VI Bagratuni](/source/Smbat_VI_Bagratuni) and other leading princes. Many of the captured *[nakharar](/source/Nakharar)* are gathered into churches and burned alive at [Nakhchevan](/source/Nakhchivan_Autonomous_Republic) (modern [Azerbaijan](/source/Azerbaijan)).[3][7]

- Arab general [Musa ibn Nusayr](/source/Musa_ibn_Nusayr) conquers the city of [Tlemcen](/source/Tlemcen) in [Algeria](/source/Algeria); once and for all solidifying *Al-Maghreb Al-Awsat* (Modern-day Algeria), which makes way for the stabilization of the entirety of North Africa a couple years later.

#### Asia

- [February 22](/source/February_22) – Empress [Wu Zetian](/source/Wu_Zetian) is deposed in a [coup d'état](/source/Coup_d'%C3%A9tat) organized by her chancellor [Zhang Jianzhi](/source/Zhang_Jianzhi_(Tang_dynasty)), after a 15-year reign. His chief ministers gain support from some generals to seize the imperial palace and execute the Zhang brothers. They reinstall her son [Zhong Zong](/source/Emperor_Zhongzong_of_Tang), whom she deposed 15 years ago, restoring the [Tang dynasty](/source/Tang_dynasty). This marks the end of the short-lived [Zhou dynasty](/source/Zhou_Dynasty_(690_AD_-_705_AD)) in China.

- [Nishiyama Onsen Keiunkan](/source/Nishiyama_Onsen_Keiunkan), a hot spring hotel, is founded in [Hayakawa](/source/Hayakawa), [Yamanashi Prefecture](/source/Yamanashi_Prefecture), Japan. It is the oldest hotel in the world and has been operated by the same family for 52 generations.

### By topic

#### Religion

- [January 11](/source/January_11) – [Pope John VI](/source/Pope_John_VI) dies at Rome, after a reign of little more than 3 years. During his rule, he protected the Byzantine exarch [Theophylactus](/source/Theophylactus_(exarch)), when he invaded the [Italian mainland](/source/Italian_Peninsula) from [Sicily](/source/Sicily). He also induced [Gisulf I](/source/Gisulf_I_of_Benevento), Lombard duke of [Benevento](/source/Duchy_of_Benevento), to withdraw from Byzantine territory, ransomed captives and ordered the restoration of Wilfrid, as deposed [bishop of York](/source/Bishop_of_York). He is succeeded by [John VII](/source/Pope_John_VII) as the 86th pope of the [Catholic Church](/source/Catholic_Church).[3]

- Al-Walid I commissions the construction of [Al-Aqsa Mosque](/source/Qibli_Mosque) located in the [Old City](/source/Old_City_(Jerusalem)) of [Jerusalem](/source/Jerusalem) (approximate date).

## Births

- [Amoghavajra](/source/Amoghavajra), Chinese translator (d. [774](/source/774))

- [Sturm](/source/Saint_Sturm), [abbot](/source/Abbot) of [Fulda](/source/Fulda_monastery) (approximate date)

- [Thingfrith](/source/Thingfrith), [Earl of Mercia](/source/Earl_of_Mercia) (approximate date)

- [Tiberius](/source/Tiberius_(son_of_Justinian_II)), son of [Justinian II](/source/Justinian_II) (d. [711](/source/AD_711))

## Deaths

- [January 11](/source/January_11) – [Pope John VI](/source/Pope_John_VI)

- [October 8](/source/October_8) – [Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan](/source/Abd_al-Malik_ibn_Marwan), Muslim caliph (b. [646](/source/646))

- [December 16](/source/December_16) – [Wu Zetian](/source/Wu_Zetian), Empress of the [Zhou Dynasty](/source/List_of_rulers_of_China) (b. [624](/source/624))

- [Aldfrith](/source/Aldfrith_of_Northumbria), king of [Northumbria](/source/Northumbria) (or [704](/source/704))

- [Bosa](/source/Bosa_of_York), [bishop of York](/source/Archbishop_of_York) (approximate date)

- [Cellach mac Rogallaig](/source/Cellach_mac_Rogallaig), king of [Connacht](/source/Connacht) ([Ireland](/source/Ireland))

- [Hædde](/source/H%C3%A6dde), [bishop of Winchester](/source/Bishop_of_Winchester) (approximate date)

- [Heraclius](/source/Heraclius_(brother_of_Tiberius_III)), Byzantine general (*[monostrategos](/source/Strategos#Byzantine_use)*)

- [Kallinikos I](/source/Patriarch_Callinicus_I_of_Constantinople), [patriarch of Constantinople](/source/Ecumenical_Patriarch_of_Constantinople) (or [706](/source/706))

- [Lambert of Maastricht](/source/Lambert_of_Maastricht), bishop (approximate date)

- [Varaz Trdat I](/source/Varaz_Trdat_I), king of [Caucasian Albania](/source/Caucasian_Albania)

- [Azza al-Mayla](/source/Azza_al-Mayla), Arabian [qiyan](/source/Qiyan)-courtesan singer (approximate date)

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** Ostrogorsky, pp. 124–126

1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** Norwich, p. 337

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Byz705_3-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Byz705_3-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-Byz705_3-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-Byz705_3-3) Venning, Timothy, ed. (2006). *A Chronology of the Byzantine Empire*. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 190. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [1-4039-1774-4](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4039-1774-4).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** [Treadgold, Warren](/source/Warren_Treadgold) (1997). *A History of the Byzantine State and Society*. Stanford, California: [Stanford University Press](/source/Stanford_University_Press). p. [340](https://archive.org/details/historyofbyzanti0000trea/page/340/mode/2up?q=340). [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-8047-2630-2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8047-2630-2).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** Paul the Deacon, Chapter XXVII. Identified as [Puteoli](/source/Puteoli) or a location at the five mile mark of the [Via Latina](/source/Via_Latina),

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** Kirby, *Earliest English Kings*, pp. 125–126

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Treadgold341_7-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Treadgold341_7-1) [Treadgold, Warren](/source/Warren_Treadgold) (1997). *A History of the Byzantine State and Society*. Stanford, California: [Stanford University Press](/source/Stanford_University_Press). p. [341](https://archive.org/details/historyofbyzanti0000trea/page/341/mode/2up?q=341). [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-8047-2630-2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8047-2630-2).

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [705](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/705) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/705?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.