# 504 Cora

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**504 Cora**, provisional designation , is a metallic [asteroid](/source/Asteroid) from the middle region of the [asteroid belt](/source/Asteroid_belt), approximately 30 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered by American astronomer [Solon Bailey](/source/Solon_Bailey) at [Harvard](/source/Harvard_College_Observatory)'s [Boyden Station](/source/Boyden_Observatory#History) in Arequipa, Peru, on 30 June 1902.[14] It was later named after Cora, a figure in [Inca mythology](/source/Inca_mythology).[1]

## Classification and orbit

*Cora* orbits the Sun in the [middle](/source/Kirkwood_gap) main-belt at a distance of 2.1–3.3 [AU](/source/Astronomical_unit) once every 4 years and 6 months (1,640 days). Its orbit has an [eccentricity](/source/Orbital_eccentricity) of 0.22 and an [inclination](/source/Orbital_inclination) of 13[°](/source/Degree_(angle)) with respect to the [ecliptic](/source/Ecliptic).[13] The body's [observation arc](/source/Observation_arc) begins 4 years after its discovery with the first used observation made at [Heidelberg](/source/Landessternwarte_Heidelberg-K%C3%B6nigstuhl) in 1906.[14]

## Physical characteristics

### Spectral type

On the Tholen taxonomic scheme, as well as by the [NEOWISE](/source/NEOWISE) mission of NASA's [Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer](/source/Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer) (WISE), *Cora* is classified as a metallic [M-type asteroid](/source/M-type_asteroid).[7][15]

Mineralogic observations in the near-infrared with the [NASA IRTF telescope](/source/NASA_IRTF_telescope) using its [SpeX](/source/NASA_Infrared_Telescope_Facility#SpeX) spectrograph, showed that its surface is that of an [X-type asteroid](/source/X-type_asteroid), with absorption features indicating the presence of [pyroxene](/source/Pyroxene) minerals.[15] In 2004, the body's spectrum was also obtained in the SMASSII survey at the U.S. [MDM Observatory](/source/MDM_Observatory), Kitt Peak, Arizona.[16]

### Rotation period

Several rotational [lightcurves](/source/Lightcurve) of *Cora* were obtained for this asteroid by astronomers [Maria A. Barucci](/source/Maria_A._Barucci), [David Higgins](/source/David_Higgins_(astronomer)), [Axel Martin](/source/Axel_Martin), and the [Palomar Transient Factory](/source/Palomar_Transient_Factory). With one exception,[11] they all gave a [rotation period](/source/Rotation_period) close to 7.59 hours.[10][9] Among these, David Higgins' observation made in September 2010, at the Hunters Hill Observatory ([E14](/source/IAU_code#E00–E99)) in Ngunnawal, Australia – gave the best rated lightcurve with a period of 7.588 ± 0.003 hours and a brightness variation of 0.20 [magnitude](/source/Magnitude_(astronomy)) ([U=3-](/source/LCDB_quality_code)).[8]

### Diameter and albedo

According to the space-based surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite [IRAS](/source/IRAS), the Japanese [Akari](/source/Akari_(satellite)) satellite, and NASA's WISE telescope with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, *Cora'*s surface has a high [albedo](/source/Astronomical_albedo) between 0.239 and 0.341. Combined with their respective absolute magnitudes, this results in a diameter estimate of 27.2 to 35.0 kilometers.[2][4][5][6][7] In contrast, the *Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link* derives a much lower albedo of 0.19 and a diameter of 29.1 kilometers, based on an [absolute magnitude](/source/Absolute_magnitude) of 10.1.[3]

## Naming

This [minor planet](/source/Minor_planet) was named after Cora, a figure in [Inca mythology](/source/Inca_mythology) ([AN](/source/Astronomische_Nachrichten) 169).[1][17]

## References

1. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(504) Cora". *Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (504) Cora*. [Springer Berlin Heidelberg](/source/Springer_Berlin_Heidelberg). p. 55. [doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_505](https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_505). ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.

1. Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C. et al. (November 2012). ["Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids"](http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2012ApJ...759L...8M). *The Astrophysical Journal Letters*. **759** (1): 5. [arXiv:1209.5794](https://arxiv.org/abs/1209.5794). [Bibcode:2012ApJ...759L...8M](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2012ApJ...759L...8M). [doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8](https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8). Retrieved 25 May 2016.

1. No. 504. Retrieved 25 May 2016.

1. Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). ["IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0"](https://sbnarchive.psi.edu/pds3/iras/IRAS_A_FPA_3_RDR_IMPS_V6_0/data/diamalb.tab). *NASA Planetary Data System*. **12**: IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. [Bibcode:2004PDSS...12.....T](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2004PDSS...12.....T). Retrieved 22 October 2019.

1. Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". *Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan*. **63** (5): 1117–1138. [Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2011PASJ...63.1117U). [doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117](https://doi.org/10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117) ([online](http://vizier.cfa.harvard.edu/viz-bin/VizieR-5?-source=J/PASJ/63/1117/acua_v1&Num=504), [AcuA catalog p. 153](https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/43545172.pdf))

1. Masiero, Joseph R.; Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Nugent, C. R.; Bauer, J. M.; Stevenson, R. et al. (August 2014). ["Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos"](http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2014ApJ...791..121M). *The Astrophysical Journal*. **791** (2): 11. [arXiv:1406.6645](https://arxiv.org/abs/1406.6645). [Bibcode:2014ApJ...791..121M](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014ApJ...791..121M). [doi:10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121](https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121). Retrieved 12 December 2016.

1. Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D. et al. (November 2011). ["NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results"](http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2011ApJ...741...90M). *The Astrophysical Journal*. **741** (2): 25. [arXiv:1109.6407](https://arxiv.org/abs/1109.6407). [Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2011ApJ...741...90M). [doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90](https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90). Retrieved 25 May 2016.

1. Higgins, David (January 2011). ["Period Determination of Asteroid Targets Observed at Hunters Hill Observatory: May 2009 - September 2010"](http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2011MPBu...38...41H). *The Minor Planet Bulletin*. **38** (1): 41–46. [Bibcode:2011MPBu...38...41H](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2011MPBu...38...41H). [ISSN 1052-8091](https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1052-8091). Retrieved 25 May 2016.

1. Waszczak, Adam; Chang, Chan-Kao; Ofek, Eran O.; Laher, Russ; Masci, Frank; Levitan, David et al. (September 2015). ["Asteroid Light Curves from the Palomar Transient Factory Survey: Rotation Periods and Phase Functions from Sparse Photometry"](http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015AJ....150...75W). *The Astronomical Journal*. **150** (3): 35. [arXiv:1504.04041](https://arxiv.org/abs/1504.04041). [Bibcode:2015AJ....150...75W](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015AJ....150...75W). [doi:10.1088/0004-6256/150/3/75](https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-6256/150/3/75). Retrieved 25 May 2016.

1. Behrend, Raoul. ["Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (504) Cora"](https://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page2cou.html#000504). [Geneva Observatory](/source/Geneva_Observatory). Retrieved 25 May 2016.

1. Barucci, M. A.; di Martino, M.; Fulchignoni, M. (May 1992). ["Rotational properties of small asteroids - Photoelectric observations"](http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=1992AJ....103.1679B). *Astronomical Journal*. **103**: 1679–1686. [Bibcode:1992AJ....103.1679B](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1992AJ....103.1679B). [doi:10.1086/116185](https://doi.org/10.1086/116185). [ISSN 0004-6256](https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0004-6256). Retrieved 25 May 2016.

1. Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce et al. (November 2015). ["Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results"](http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015Icar..261...34V). *Icarus*. **261**: 34–47. [arXiv:1506.00762](https://arxiv.org/abs/1506.00762). [Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015Icar..261...34V). [doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007). Retrieved 25 May 2016.

1. ["JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 504 Cora (1902 LK)"](https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2000504) (2016-11-06 last obs.). [Jet Propulsion Laboratory](/source/Jet_Propulsion_Laboratory). Retrieved 12 December 2016.

1. ["504 Cora (1902 LK)"](https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=504). *Minor Planet Center*. Retrieved 25 May 2016.

1. Reynolds, Chalbeth; Hardersen, P. S.; Gaffey, M. J. (October 2007). ["The Near-IR Spectrocopy of Two M-Class Main Belt Asteroids, 418 Alemannia and 504 Cora"](http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2007DPS....39.3306R). *American Astronomical Society*. **39**: 477. [Bibcode:2007DPS....39.3306R](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007DPS....39.3306R). Retrieved 1 March 2016.

1. Bus, S. & Binzel, R. P. (October 2004). ["504 Cora CCD Spectrum"](http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2004PDSS....1..991B). *NASA Planetary Data System*. **1**: EAR-A-I0028-4-SBN0001. [Bibcode:2004PDSS....1..991B](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2004PDSS....1..991B). Retrieved 1 March 2016.

1. Osten, H. (October 1903). ["Aufsuchungsephemeride des Planeten (504) \[1902 LK\]"](http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=1903AN....163..315O). *Astronomische Nachrichten*. **163** (20): 315. [Bibcode:1903AN....163..315O](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1903AN....163..315O). [doi:10.1002/asna.19031632009](https://doi.org/10.1002/asna.19031632009). Retrieved 1 March 2016.

## External links

- [Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)](http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/lcdbsummaryquery.php), query form ([info](http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20171216050541/http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html) 16 December 2017 at the Wayback Machine)
- [Dictionary of Minor Planet Names](https://books.google.com/books?id=aeAg1X7afOoC&pg), Google books
- [Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR](https://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page_cou.html) – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
- [Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000)](https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/NumberedMPs000001.html) – Minor Planet Center

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [504 Cora](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/504_Cora) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/504_Cora?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.