# 429 BC

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Calendar year

Years Millennium 1st millennium BC Centuries 6th century BC 5th century BC 4th century BC Decades 440s BC 430s BC 420s BC 410s BC 400s BC Years 432 BC 431 BC 430 BC 429 BC 428 BC 427 BC 426 BC v t e

429 BC by topic Politics State leaders Political entities Categories Deaths v t e

429 BC in various calendars Gregorian calendar 429 BC CDXXIX BC Ab urbe condita 325 Ancient Egypt era XXVII dynasty, 97 - Pharaoh Artaxerxes I of Persia, 37 Ancient Greek Olympiad (summer) 87th Olympiad, year 4 Assyrian calendar 4322 Balinese saka calendar N/A Bengali calendar −1022 – −1021 Berber calendar 522 Buddhist calendar 116 Burmese calendar −1066 Byzantine calendar 5080–5081 Chinese calendar 辛亥年 (Metal Pig) 2269 or 2062 — to — 壬子年 (Water Rat) 2270 or 2063 Coptic calendar −712 – −711 Discordian calendar 738 Ethiopian calendar −436 – −435 Hebrew calendar 3332–3333 Hindu calendars - Vikram Samvat −372 – −371 - Shaka Samvat N/A - Kali Yuga 2672–2673 Holocene calendar 9572 Iranian calendar 1050 BP – 1049 BP Islamic calendar 1082 BH – 1081 BH Javanese calendar N/A Julian calendar N/A Korean calendar 1905 Minguo calendar 2340 before ROC 民前2340年 Nanakshahi calendar −1896 Thai solar calendar 114–115 Tibetan calendar ལྕགས་མོ་ཕག་ལོ་ (female Iron-Boar) −302 or −683 or −1455 — to — ཆུ་ཕོ་བྱི་བ་ལོ་ (male Water-Rat) −301 or −682 or −1454

Year **429 BC** was a year of the [pre-Julian Roman calendar](/source/Roman_calendar). At the time, it was known as the **Year of the Consulship of Tricipitinus and Fidenas** (or, less frequently, **year 325 *[Ab urbe condita](/source/Ab_urbe_condita)***). The denomination 429 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the [Anno Domini](/source/Anno_Domini) [calendar era](/source/Calendar_era) became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

## Events

### By place

#### Greece

- The [Athenians](/source/Athens) under Xenophon march into [Thrace](/source/Thrace) to attack [Chalcis](/source/Chalcis). They destroy crops outside [Spartolus](/source/Spartolus) and begin negotiating with pro-Athenian factions in Chalcis, but the anti-Athenian factions ask for help from [Olynthus](/source/Olynthus). An army from Chalcis, Spartolus, and Olynthus meet the Athenians in [battle](/source/Battle_of_Spartolos), but their [hoplites](/source/Hoplites) are defeated. Reinforcements soon arrive from Olynthus, and they launch a second attack on the Athenians. The Athenians are routed, with all of their generals and 430 other men killed.

- The Athenian admiral [Phormio](/source/Phormio) has two naval victories, the [Naupactus](/source/Battle_of_Naupactus_(429_BC)) and the [Battle of Rhium](/source/Battle_of_Rhium) at the mouth of the [Corinthian Gulf](/source/Corinthian_Gulf). In the first battle, his 20 ships defeat 47 [Corinthian](/source/Ancient_Corinth) ships commanded by [Machaon](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Machaon_(general)&action=edit&redlink=1), [Isocrates](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Isocrates_of_Sparta&action=edit&redlink=1), and [Agatharchidas](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Agatharchidas&action=edit&redlink=1) that were advancing to reinforce the [Spartan](/source/Sparta) general, [Cnemus](/source/Cnemus)'s campaign in [Acarnania](/source/Acarnania). In the second battle, Phormio routs Cnemus's 77-vessel fleet.

- The Athenians, in alliance with [Polichne](/source/Polichne_(Crete)), destroy the [Cretan](/source/Crete) city of [Kydonia](/source/Kydonia).[1]

- The Macedonian king, [Perdiccas II](/source/Perdiccas_II), once again betrays the Athenians and sends 1000 troops to support a Spartan assault on [Acarnania](/source/Acarnania) but they arrive too late to help. In response to this, King [Sitalkes](/source/Sitalkes) of [Thrace](/source/Thrace) invades [Macedonia](/source/Macedon) with a vast army that includes independent Thracian tribes (such as the [Dii](/source/Dii)) and [Paionian](/source/Paionia) tribes ([Agrianes](/source/Agrianes) and [Laeaeans](/source/Laeaeans)). His progress is slowed when the promised support from [Athens](/source/Athens) fails to materialise. So Perdiccas once again uses diplomacy to ensure the survival of Macedonia. He promises the hand of his sister in marriage to the nephew of Sitalkes, who then persuades Sitalkes to leave Macedonia.

- The [plague in Athens](/source/Plague_of_Athens) that is killing thousands of the city's inhabitants, claims [Pericles](/source/Pericles). [Cleon](/source/Cleon), who has headed the opposition to Pericles's rule, succeeds to power in Athens following Pericles's death.

## Births

- [Ateas](/source/Ateas), king of [Scythia](/source/Scythia) (d. [339 BC](/source/339_BC))

## Deaths

- [Pericles](/source/Pericles), [Athenian](/source/Athens) [statesman](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/statesman) (epidemic) (born c. 495 BC)[2]

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** [C. Michael Hogan, *Cydonia*, The Modern Antiquarian, Jan. 23, 2008](http://www.themodernantiquarian.com/site/10881/cydonia.html#fieldnotes)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** William Spry Robinson, *A Short History of Greece*, 1895, Macmillan and Co., 392 pages

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [429 BC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/429_BC) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/429_BC?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.