# 3C 275.1

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Quasar in the constellation of Coma Berenices

3C 275.1 The quasar 3C 275.1. Observation data (J2000.0 epoch) Constellation Coma Berenices Right ascension 12h 43m 57.6490s Declination +16° 22′ 53.394″ Redshift 0.555225 Heliocentric radial velocity 166,452 km/s Distance 5.260 Gly Apparent magnitude (V) 19.00 Apparent magnitude (B) 19.23 Characteristics Type Opt. var. Notable features Large emission nebula surrounding a quasar Other designations DA 330, PKS 1241+166, LEDA 2819359, QSO B1241+1639, 4C 16.34, NRAO 406, S3 1241+16

**3C 275.1** is a [quasar](/source/Quasar) located in the [constellation](/source/Constellation) of [Coma Berenices](/source/Coma_Berenices) with a [redshift](/source/Redshift) of (z) 0.555.[1] It was first discovered in 1986 by [astronomers](/source/Astronomer), and is situated in the center of a rich [galaxy cluster](/source/Galaxy_cluster).[2] Its host is classified as a giant [elliptical galaxy](/source/Elliptical_galaxy), described as either a proto-cD or [Type-cD galaxy](/source/Type-cD_galaxy) with an emission [nebula](/source/Nebula) surrounding it.[3][4][5]

## Description

3C 275.1 is classified as a [gamma-ray](/source/Gamma_ray) lobe-dominated quasar.[6] It has a radio structure consisting of an elongated core with a narrow [jet](/source/Astrophysical_jet) heading in northwards direction based on a super-resolved radio imaging made by the [Very Long Baseline Array](/source/Very_Long_Baseline_Array) (VLBA).[7] Radio mapping at 15 [GHz](/source/Hertz) with a 5-kilometer [telescope](/source/Telescope) shows 3C 275.1 to contain a double component showing one side as compact and the other being slightly extended.[8] A study also described the southern component of the quasar as distorted, indicating the quasar is strongly [interacting](/source/Interacting_galaxy) with a companion galaxy.[9][10]

Observations made in 1986 revealed the presence of a rotating [gas cloud](/source/Interstellar_cloud) around 3C 275.1 with a [diameter](/source/Diameter) of more than 100 [kiloparsecs](/source/Parsec) (Kpc). Based on observations, it was found to be the largest known to surround a quasar and is likely remnants created by [tidal interactions](/source/Tidal_force) or material that is accumulated via [cooling flows](/source/Cooling_flow) originating from the cluster.[11] A more detailed study published in 2024, showed the cloud to be a nebula, containing [ionized](/source/Ionization) gas tails that extends up to 170 kiloparsecs, typical of [Jellyfish galaxies](/source/Jellyfish_galaxy).[12] The nebula is described as having a [conical](/source/Cone) shape with a bar-shaped extension that is located southwards from the nucleus[13] with an extended component having an [X-ray emission](/source/Astrophysical_X-ray_source) of 7.6 × 1043 erg s−1.[14]

In the center of 3C 275.1, there is a [supermassive black hole](/source/Supermassive_black_hole) estimated to have a mass of about 200 million [solar masses](/source/Solar_mass) based on a black hole-[spheroid](/source/Spheroid) mass ratio calculated for [active galactic nuclei](/source/Active_galactic_nucleus).[15][12] The quasar itself is paired with the nearby galaxy [NGC 4651](/source/NGC_4651), due to the radio emitter alignment at the rear of the latter's outer [galactic disk](/source/Galactic_disc).[16]

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** Liu, Ronghui; Pooley, Guy (1990-07-01). ["Radio polarization and the environment of 3C 275.1"](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1990MNRAS.245P..17L/abstract). *Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society*. **245**: 17P. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[1990MNRAS.245P..17L](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1990MNRAS.245P..17L). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [0035-8711](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0035-8711).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** Krempec-Krygier, J.; Krygier, B.; Walentynowicz, G. (1998-06-01). ["The group of galaxies around 3C 275.1"](https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1998A%26A...334..427K). *Astronomy and Astrophysics*. **334**: 427–438. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[1998A&A...334..427K](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1998A&A...334..427K). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [0004-6361](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0004-6361).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** Hintzen, Paul; Romanishin, W. (1986-12-01). ["Direct Imaging of the Extremely Large Host Galaxy and Gas Cloud Surrounding the Quasar 3C 275.1"](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1986ApJ...311L...1H/abstract). *The Astrophysical Journal*. **311**: L1. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[1986ApJ...311L...1H](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1986ApJ...311L...1H). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1086/184787](https://doi.org/10.1086%2F184787). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [0004-637X](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0004-637X).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** Hintzen, P.; Boeshaar, G. O.; Scott, J. S. (1981-05-01). ["Detection of an apparent, distant cluster of galaxies associated with the radio-tail QSO 3C 275.1"](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1981ApJ...246L...1H/abstract). *The Astrophysical Journal*. **246**: L1–L4. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[1981ApJ...246L...1H](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1981ApJ...246L...1H). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1086/183541](https://doi.org/10.1086%2F183541). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [0004-637X](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0004-637X).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** Crawford, C. S.; Lehmann, I.; Fabian, A. C.; Bremer, M. N.; Hasinger, G. (1999-10-01). ["Detection of X-ray emission from the host clusters of 3CR quasars"](https://doi.org/10.1046%2Fj.1365-8711.1999.02804.x). *Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society*. **308** (4): 1159–1172. [arXiv](/source/ArXiv_(identifier)):[astro-ph/9904371](https://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/9904371). [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[1999MNRAS.308.1159C](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1999MNRAS.308.1159C). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1046/j.1365-8711.1999.02804.x](https://doi.org/10.1046%2Fj.1365-8711.1999.02804.x). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [0035-8711](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0035-8711).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** Liao, Neng-Hui; Xin, Yu-Liang; Li, Shang; Jiang, Wei; Liang, Yun-Feng; Li, Xiang; Zhang, Peng-Fei; Chen, Liang; Bai, Jin-Ming; Fan, Yi-Zhong (2015-07-17). ["DISCOVERY OF*γ*-RAY EMISSION FROM THE STRONGLY LOBE-DOMINATED QUASAR 3C 275.1"](https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/808/1/74). *The Astrophysical Journal*. **808** (1): 74. [arXiv](/source/ArXiv_(identifier)):[1501.00635](https://arxiv.org/abs/1501.00635). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1088/0004-637x/808/1/74](https://doi.org/10.1088%2F0004-637x%2F808%2F1%2F74). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [1538-4357](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1538-4357).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** Hough, D. H.; Vermeulen, R. C.; Readhead, A. C. S.; Cross, L. L.; Barth, E. L.; Yu, L. H.; Beyer, P. J.; Phifer, E. M. (2002-03-01). ["Parsec-Scale Radio Structure and Broad Optical Emission Lines in a Complete Sample of 3CR Lobe-dominated Quasars"](https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/338847/pdf). *The Astronomical Journal*. **123** (3): 1258–1287. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2002AJ....123.1258H](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2002AJ....123.1258H). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1086/338847](https://doi.org/10.1086%2F338847). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [0004-6256](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0004-6256).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** Riley, J. M.; Pooley, G. G. (1978-09-01). ["15-GHz observations of the quasars 3C 270.1 and 3C 275.1"](https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1978MNRAS.184..769R). *Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society*. **184** (4): 769–772. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1093/mnras/184.4.769](https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fmnras%2F184.4.769). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [0035-8711](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0035-8711).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-9)** Liu, R.; Pooley, G.; Riley, J. M. (1992-08-15). ["Spectral ageing in a sample of 14 high-luminosity double radio sources"](https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fmnras%2F257.4.545). *Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society*. **257** (4): 545–571. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[1992MNRAS.257..545L](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1992MNRAS.257..545L). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1093/mnras/257.4.545](https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fmnras%2F257.4.545). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [0035-8711](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0035-8711).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-10)** Rector, Travis A.; Stocke, John T.; Ellingson, Erica (1995-10-01). ["Quasar Radio Morphology and Clustering Environment at z~1/2"](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1995AJ....110.1492R/abstract). *The Astronomical Journal*. **110**: 1492. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[1995AJ....110.1492R](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1995AJ....110.1492R). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1086/117622](https://doi.org/10.1086%2F117622). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [0004-6256](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0004-6256).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-11)** Hintzen, P.; Stocke, J. (1986-09-01). ["Detection of a *Rotating* Gas Cloud 100 Kiloparsecs in Diameter Surrounding 3C 275.1, a Quasar at the Center of a Rich Cluster of Galaxies"](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1986ApJ...308..540H/abstract). *The Astrophysical Journal*. **308**: 540. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[1986ApJ...308..540H](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1986ApJ...308..540H). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1086/164524](https://doi.org/10.1086%2F164524). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [0004-637X](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0004-637X).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-:0_12-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-:0_12-1) Zhao, Qinyuan; Wang, Junfeng; Li, Zhenzhen (2024-08-01). ["Serendipitous Catch of a Giant Jellyfish: An Ionized Nebula around 3C 275.1 with 170 kpc Long Tails"](https://doi.org/10.3847%2F1538-4357%2Fad58d6). *The Astrophysical Journal*. **971** (2): 134. [arXiv](/source/ArXiv_(identifier)):[2406.11433](https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.11433). [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2024ApJ...971..134Z](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2024ApJ...971..134Z). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.3847/1538-4357/ad58d6](https://doi.org/10.3847%2F1538-4357%2Fad58d6). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [0004-637X](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0004-637X).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-13)** McCarthy, Patrick J.; Spinrad, Hyron; van Breugel, Wil (July 1995). ["Emission-Line Imaging of 3CR Radio Galaxies. I. Imaging Data"](https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu//full/1996A%26A...313..423H/0000429.000.html). *The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series*. **99**: 27. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[1996A&A...313..423H](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1996A&A...313..423H). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1086/192178](https://doi.org/10.1086%2F192178). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [0067-0049](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0067-0049).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-14)** Crawford, C. S.; Fabian, A. C. (March 2003). ["Extended X-ray emission around four 3C quasars at 0.55 > z < 0.75 observed with Chandra"](https://doi.org/10.1046%2Fj.1365-8711.2003.06268.x). *Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society*. **339** (4): 1163–1169. [arXiv](/source/ArXiv_(identifier)):[astro-ph/0211232](https://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0211232). [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2003MNRAS.339.1163C](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2003MNRAS.339.1163C). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1046/j.1365-8711.2003.06268.x](https://doi.org/10.1046%2Fj.1365-8711.2003.06268.x). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [0035-8711](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0035-8711).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-15)** McLure, R. J.; Jarvis, M. J.; Targett, T. A.; Dunlop, J. S.; Best, P. N. (2006-05-01). ["On the evolution of the black hole: spheroid mass ratio"](https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2966.2006.10228.x). *Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society*. **368** (3): 1395–1403. [arXiv](/source/ArXiv_(identifier)):[astro-ph/0510121](https://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0510121). [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2006MNRAS.368.1395M](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006MNRAS.368.1395M). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.10228.x](https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2966.2006.10228.x). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [0035-8711](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0035-8711).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-16)** Schneider, Stephen E.; Corbelli, Edvige (1993-09-01). ["Neutral Hydrogen Absorption and Emission in the Quasar/Galaxy Pair 3C 275.1/NGC 4651"](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1993ApJ...414..500S/abstract). *The Astrophysical Journal*. **414**: 500. [arXiv](/source/ArXiv_(identifier)):[astro-ph/9307008](https://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/9307008). [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[1993ApJ...414..500S](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1993ApJ...414..500S). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1086/173097](https://doi.org/10.1086%2F173097). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [0004-637X](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0004-637X).

## External links

- [3C 275.1 on SIMBAD](https://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-id?Ident=ICRF%20J124357.6%2B162253)

- [3C 275.1 on NASA/IPAC Database](https://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/cgi-bin/objsearch?search_type=Obj_id&objid=62969&objname=1&img_stamp=YES&hconst=73.0&omegam=0.27&omegav=0.73&corr_z=1)

v t e Constellation of Coma Berenices List of stars in Coma Berenices Coma Berenices in Chinese astronomy Stars Bayer α (Diadem) β γ Flamsteed 7 11 12 13 14 16 17 21 23 (Phyllon Kissinou) 24 31 35 36 37 41 Variable FK GP IN LW HR 4668 HD 107146 108863 108874 110067 114762 b 115404 116029 Other 2MASS J12195156+3128497 KELT-6 WASP-56 WISE 1217+1626 Exoplanets HD 108874 b c KELT-6b Star clusters Coma Star Cluster Messier 53 NGC 4147 NGC 5053 Nebulae LoTr 5 Galaxies Messier 64 (Black Eye Galaxy) 85 88 91 98 99 100 NGC 4014 4015 4017 4053 4056 4060 4061 4065 4066 4070 4072 4074 4076 4084 4086 4089 4090 4091 4092 4093 4095 4098 4136 4146 4150 4162 4185 4189 4203 4211 4212 4213 4222 4237 4245 4253 4262 4274 4278 4293 4298 4302 4308 4310 4312 4314 4323 4328 4340 4359 4375 4383 4393 4394 4414 4419 4448 4450 4455 4459 4468 4473 4474 4475 4477 4479 4489 4494 4495 4498 4502 4506 4515 4516 4523 4525 4540 4555 4556 4558 4559 4561 4565 4571 4585 4595 4611 4614 4615 4633 4634 4651 4659 4670 4673 4676 (Mice Galaxies) 4689 4692 4710 4712 4725 4747 4839 4848 4860 4869 4871 4872 4873 4874 4875 4876 4881 4883 4886 4889 4892 4895 4907 4911 4919 4921 4944 5000 5004 5012 5032 5056 5172 Other 3C 275.1 3C 287 Arp 60 Coma Berenices Dragonfly 44 IC 755 (NGC 4019) IC 831 IC 860 IC 3505 IC 3528 IC 4040 IC 4051 IOK-1 IRAS F12032+1707 LEDA 83677 M85-HCC1 Malin 1 PGC 44691 PKS 1155+251 PKS 1222+216 VIRGOHI21 ZwCl 1305.4+2941 BCG Galaxy clusters Abell 1413 Coma I Coma Cluster Coma Supercluster M94 Group NGC 4065 Group NGC 4631 Group Astronomical events GRB 050509B iPTF14atg SN 1940B SN 1979C SN 2005ap SN 2006X SN 2020oi Category

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [3C 275.1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3C_275.1) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3C_275.1?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.