# 2023 GQ2

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Near-Earth asteroid

2023 GQ2 Discovery[1] Discovery site Bok Telescope @ Kitt Peak National Observatory Discovery date 12 April 2023 Designations Minor planet category NEO PHA Apollo Orbital characteristics[2] Epoch 25 February 2023 (JD 2460000.5) Uncertainty parameter 3 Observation arc 3.93 years Earliest precovery date 13 May 2019 Aphelion 2.305 AU Perihelion 0.9837 AU Semi-major axis 1.6444 AU Eccentricity 0.4017 Orbital period (sidereal) 2.11 yr (770.17 days) Mean anomaly 106.38° Inclination 36.84° Longitude of ascending node 53.83° Time of perihelion 2022-Jul-12 Argument of perihelion 349.34° Earth MOID 0.0012 AU (180 thousand km; 0.47 LD) Physical characteristics Dimensions 290–650 meters ≈400 m (1,300 ft)[3] Absolute magnitude (H) 19.8±0.3 mag[2]

**2023 GQ2** is an [asteroid](/source/Asteroid) roughly 400 meters in diameter, classified as a [near-Earth object](/source/Near-Earth_object) and [potentially hazardous object](/source/Potentially_hazardous_object) of the [Apollo group](/source/Apollo_asteroid). It was first discovered on 12 April 2023, when it was 1.3 [AU](/source/Astronomical_unit) (190 million [km](/source/Kilometre)) from Earth, with the [Bok Telescope](/source/Bok_Telescope) at [Kitt Peak National Observatory](/source/Kitt_Peak_National_Observatory).[1] On 19 April 2023, with an [observation arc](/source/Observation_arc) of 6.7 days, it was rated 1 on the [Torino scale](/source/Torino_scale) for a [virtual impactor](/source/Sentry_(monitoring_system)) on 16 November 2028 at 00:58 [UTC](/source/Coordinated_Universal_Time).[4] When it had a [Palermo scale](/source/Palermo_scale) rating of –0.70,[4] the odds of impact were about 5 times less than the background hazard level and this gave the asteroid one of the highest Palermo scale ratings ever issued. On 20 April 2023 [precovery](/source/Precovery) images from May 2019 were announced extending the observation arc to 3.9 years,[1] and the 2028 virtual impactor was removed from the [Sentry Risk Table](/source/Sentry_Risk_Table).[3] It is now known the [nominal](/source/Curve_fitting) approach will safely occur about 13 hours after the impact scenario on 16 November 2028 13:36 ± 40 minutes.[2]

The asteroid will come to [aphelion](/source/Aphelion) (farthest distance from the Sun) around 1 August 2023.[5]

## 2028

With a short 6.7 day observation arc, virtual clones of the asteroid that fit the uncertainty region in the known trajectory showed a 1-in-24,000 chance that the asteroid could [impact](/source/Impact_event) Earth on 16 November 2028 00:58 UT.[4] With precovery images and a 3.9 year observation arc, the [nominal](/source/Curve_fitting) approach (line of variation) has the asteroid 0.012 [AU](/source/Astronomical_unit) (1.8 million [km](/source/Kilometre)) ± 94 thousand km from Earth at the time of the potential impact on 16 November 2028.[6] The [nominal](/source/Curve_fitting) closest approach will occur about 13 hours after the impact scenario on 16 November 2028 13:36 ± 40 minutes.[2]

2023 GQ2 nominal approach for 16 November 2028 00:58 virtual impactor Solution Observation arc (in days) JPL Horizons nominal geocentric distance (AU) uncertainty region (3-sigma) Impact probability Torino scale Palermo scale (max) JPL #1 (2023-Apr-17) 5 (26 obs) 0.0085 AU (1.27 million km) ± 90 million km 1:560000[7] 0 –2.08 JPL #3 (2023-Apr-19) 7 (29 obs) 0.0053 AU (0.79 million km) ± 16 million km 1:24000[4] 1 –0.70 JPL #4 (2023-Apr-20) 1437 (35 obs) 0.0121 AU (1.81 million km) ± 0.094 million km none[3] N/A N/A

2023 GQ2 Earth approach on 16 November 2028 (about 13 hours after the impact scenario) Date & time Nominal distance uncertainty region (3-sigma) 2028-Nov-16 13:36 ± 40 minutes 1522786 km[2] ± 80 thousand km[8]

## References

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-MPC-object_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-MPC-object_1-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-MPC-object_1-2) ["2023 GQ2 Orbit"](https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=2023+GQ2). *Minor Planet Center*. Retrieved 20 April 2023.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-jpldata_2-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-jpldata_2-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-jpldata_2-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-jpldata_2-3) [***e***](#cite_ref-jpldata_2-4) ["JPL Small-Body Database Browser: (2023 GQ2)"](https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/tools/sbdb_lookup.html#/?sstr=2023%20GQ2&view=OPC) (2023-04-19 last obs.). [Jet Propulsion Laboratory](/source/Jet_Propulsion_Laboratory). Retrieved 20 April 2023.{{[cite web](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web)}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service ([link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_deprecated_archival_service))

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Sentry_3-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Sentry_3-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-Sentry_3-2) ["Sentry Risk Table: 2023 GQ2"](https://cneos.jpl.nasa.gov/sentry/details.html#?des=2023%20GQ2). NASA JPL [CNEOS](/source/Center_for_Near-Earth_Object_Studies).{{[cite web](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web)}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service ([link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_deprecated_archival_service))

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Sentry7_4-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Sentry7_4-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-Sentry7_4-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-Sentry7_4-3) "Archive of Sentry Risk Table: 2023 GQ2 (6.7 day arc)". NASA JPL [CNEOS](/source/Center_for_Near-Earth_Object_Studies).{{[cite web](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web)}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service ([link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_deprecated_archival_service))

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Aphelion_5-0)** ["Aphelion around 1 August 2023"](https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%272023+GQ2%27&START_TIME=%272023-07-29%27&STOP_TIME=%272023-08-04%27&STEP_SIZE=%276%20hour%27&QUANTITIES=%2719%27) (Aphelion occurs when rdot flips from positive to negative). [JPL Horizons](/source/JPL_Horizons_On-Line_Ephemeris_System). Retrieved 20 April 2023.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Horizons2028_6-0)** ["JPL Horizons: 2023 GQ2 geocentric distance and uncertainty on 16 November 2028 VI"](https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%272023+GQ2%27&START_TIME=%272028-11-16%2000:58%27&STOP_TIME=%272028-11-17%27&STEP_SIZE=%272%20day%27&QUANTITIES=%2720,39%27). JPL Horizons. Retrieved 20 April 2023.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Sentry5_7-0)** "Archive of Sentry Risk Table: 2023 GQ2 (4.9 day arc)". NASA JPL [CNEOS](/source/Center_for_Near-Earth_Object_Studies).{{[cite web](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web)}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service ([link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_deprecated_archival_service))

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Horizons2028CA_8-0)** ["JPL Horizons: 2023 GQ2 geocentric distance and uncertainty on 16 Nov 2028 close approach"](https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%272023+GQ2%27&START_TIME=%272028-11-16%2013:36%27&STOP_TIME=%272028-11-17%27&STEP_SIZE=%272%20day%27&QUANTITIES=%2720,39%27). JPL Horizons. Retrieved 20 April 2023.

## External links

- [2023 GQ2](https://newton.spacedys.com/neodys/index.php?n=2023+GQ2&pc=1.1.0) at *NeoDyS-2, Near Earth Objects—Dynamic Site* - [Ephemerides](https://newton.spacedys.com/neodys/index.php?n=2023+GQ2&pc=1.1.3.0) **·** [Observation prediction](https://newton.spacedys.com/neodys/index.php?n=2023+GQ2&pc=1.1.4.0) **·** [Orbital info](https://newton.spacedys.com/neodys/index.php?n=2023+GQ2&pc=1.1.1) **·** [MOID](https://newton.spacedys.com/neodys/index.php?n=2023+GQ2&pc=1.1.5) **·** [Proper elements](https://newton.spacedys.com/neodys/index.php?n=2023+GQ2&pc=1.1.6) **·** [Observational info](https://newton.spacedys.com/neodys/index.php?n=2023+GQ2&pc=1.1.7.0) **·** [Close approaches](https://newton.spacedys.com/neodys/index.php?n=2023+GQ2&pc=1.1.8) **·** [Physical info](https://newton.spacedys.com/neodys/index.php?n=2023+GQ2&pc=1.1.9) **·** [Orbit animation](https://newton.spacedys.com/neodys/index.php?n=2023+GQ2&pc=1.1.A)

- [2023 GQ2](https://neo.ssa.esa.int/search-for-asteroids?sum=1&des=2023GQ2) at *ESA–[space situational awareness](/source/Space_Situational_Awareness_Programme)* - [Ephemerides](https://neo.ssa.esa.int/search-for-asteroids?des=2023GQ2&tab=eph) **·** [Observations](https://neo.ssa.esa.int/search-for-asteroids?des=2023GQ2&tab=obs) **·** [Orbit](https://neo.ssa.esa.int/search-for-asteroids?des=2023GQ2&tab=orbprop) **·** [Physical properties](https://neo.ssa.esa.int/search-for-asteroids?des=2023GQ2&tab=physprops) **·** [Summary](https://neo.ssa.esa.int/search-for-asteroids?des=2023GQ2&tab=summary)

- [2023 GQ2](https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/tools/sbdb_lookup.html#/?sstr=54354410) at the *[JPL Small-Body Database](/source/JPL_Small-Body_Database)* - [Close approach](https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/tools/sbdb_lookup.html#/?sstr=54354410&view=C) **·** [Discovery](https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/tools/sbdb_lookup.html#/?sstr=54354410&view=D) **·** [Ephemeris](https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons.cgi?find_body=1&body_group=sb&sstr=54354410) **·** [Orbit viewer](https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/tools/sbdb_lookup.html#/?sstr=54354410&view=V) **·** [Orbit parameters](https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/tools/sbdb_lookup.html#/?sstr=54354410&view=O) **·** [Physical parameters](https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/tools/sbdb_lookup.html#/?sstr=54354410&view=P)

v t e 2023 in space « 2022 2024 » Space probe launches Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer (April 2023) Chandrayaan-3 (July 2023) Luna 25 (August 2023) XRISM (September 2023) SLIM (September 2023) Psyche (October 2023) Impact events 2023 CX1 Selected NEOs Asteroid close approaches 2023 AV 2023 BU (367789) 2011 AG5 2023 DW 2023 DZ2 2023 GQ2 (164121) 2003 YT1 (341843) 2008 EV5 2023 FW13 Discoveries F200DB-045 Rings of Quaoar WISE J0336−0143 CEERS 1019 black hole UHZ1 quasar Volcanism on Venus confirmation 3 moons of Jupiter (S/2022 J 1, S/2022 J 2, S/2022 J 3) 63 moons of Saturn SN 2023ixf supernova in Pinwheel Galaxy (M101) SN H0pe supernova in Constellation Ursa Major Phosphates on Enceladus Gravitational wave background detection Neutrino Milky Way map GRB 230307A Second-brightest gamma-ray burst 152830 Dinkinesh is a binary Ursa Major III GW231123 C/2023 A3 (Tsuchinshan–ATLAS) Exoplanets HD 110067 b c d e f g LHS 475 b TOI-672 b TOI-700 e TOI-1853 b TOI-3235 b WASP-193b Silicates in VHS J1256–1257 b No atmosphere in TRAPPIST-1b No atmosphere in TRAPPIST-1c K2-18b of methane and carbon dioxide Comets C/2022 E3 (ZTF) 96P/Machholz C/2022 A2 (PanSTARRS) C/2023 E1 (ATLAS) C/2021 T4 (Lemmon) C/2023 P1 (Nishimura) 103P/Hartley 2P/Encke C/2023 H2 (Lemmon) 62P/Tsuchinshan 12P/Pons–Brooks brightening multiple times Space exploration Lucy (Dinkinesh flyby; November 2023) OSIRIS-REx (sample return from asteroid Bennu; September 2023) First space-based solar power demonstration Euclid space telescope (launch; 1 July 2023) Outer space portal Category:2022 in outer space — Category:2023 in outer space — Category:2024 in outer space

v t e Small Solar System bodies Minor planets Designation Groups List Moon Meanings of names Asteroid Active Asteroid belt Family Jupiter trojan Near-Earth Amors Apollos Atens Atiras Spectral types Distant minor planet Centaur Neptune trojan Damocloid Trans-Neptunian object Detached Kuiper belt Oort cloud Scattered disc Comets Extinct Great Halley-type Hyperbolic/Parabolic Long-period Lost Near-parabolic Periodic Sungrazing Other Cosmic dust Meteoroids Space debris

Authority control databases JPL SBDB MPC

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [2023 GQ2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_GQ2) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_GQ2?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.