# 2020

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> Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/2020.md
> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020
> Source revision: 1356572277
> License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)

"MMXX" redirects here. For the album, see [MMXX (album)](/source/MMXX_(album)).

2020 saw the decade begin with the [COVID-19 pandemic](/source/COVID-19_pandemic), which led to global [social](/source/Social_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic) and [economic](/source/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic) disruption, mass cancellations and postponements of events, [worldwide lockdowns](/source/COVID-19_lockdowns), and the [largest economic recession](/source/COVID-19_recession) since the [Great Depression](/source/Great_Depression) in the 1930s.[1] *Geospatial World* also called 2020 "the worst year in terms of [climate change](/source/Climate_change)" in part due to major climate disasters worldwide, including major bushfires in [Australia](/source/2019%E2%80%9320_Australian_bushfire_season) and [the western United States](/source/2020_California_wildfires), as well as [extreme tropical cyclone activity](/source/2020_Atlantic_hurricane_season) affecting large parts of [North America](/source/North_America).[2] A [United Nations](/source/United_Nations) progress report published in December 2020 indicated that none of the international [Sustainable Development Goals](/source/Sustainable_Development_Goals) for 2020 were achieved.[3]

The year also saw the rise of social protests and activism amidst the ongoing pandemic. The [murder of George Floyd](/source/Murder_of_George_Floyd) was widely condemned and lead to [worldwide protests and unrest](/source/George_Floyd_protests) that lasted until [2023](/source/2023). In addition, elections commenced in numerous nations in 2020. Most notably, the [United States Presidential election](/source/2020_United_States_presidential_election) where [Democrat](/source/Democratic_Party_(United_States)) and eventual 46th president [Joe Biden](/source/Joe_Biden) won against [incumbent](/source/Incumbent) [Republican](/source/Republican_Party_(United_States)) [Donald Trump](/source/Donald_Trump), who [refused to concede](/source/Attempts_to_overturn_the_2020_United_States_presidential_election) the presidency, leading directly into an [attack on the US capitol](/source/Attack_on_the_Capitol) early [the following year](/source/2021).

[*Time* magazine](/source/Time_(magazine)) used its sixth ever [X cover](/source/Time_(magazine)#X_covers) to declare 2020 "the worst year ever," although the [cover article](/source/Cover_article) itself did not go as far, instead saying, "There have been worse years in U.S. history, and certainly worse years in world history, but most of us alive today have seen nothing like this one."[4]

## Health

Further information:

The outbreak of [COVID-19](/source/COVID-19) began in [Wuhan](/source/Wuhan), China, in December 2019. It spread to other areas of Asia, and then worldwide in early 2020. The [World Health Organization](/source/World_Health_Organization) (WHO) declared the outbreak a [public health emergency of international concern](/source/Public_health_emergency_of_international_concern) (PHEIC) on 30 January, and assessed the outbreak had become a [pandemic](/source/Pandemic) on 11 March.[5]

## Events

### January

- [January 1](/source/January_1) - [Croatia](/source/Croatia) begins its term in the [presidency of the European Union](/source/Presidency_of_the_Council_of_the_European_Union).[6] - [Flash floods](/source/2020_Jakarta_floods) struck [Jakarta](/source/Jakarta), [Indonesia](/source/Indonesia), killing 66 people in the worst flooding in over a decade.[7]
- [January 2](/source/January_2) – The [Royal Australian Air Force](/source/Royal_Australian_Air_Force) and [Navy](/source/Royal_Australian_Navy) are deployed to [New South Wales](/source/New_South_Wales) and [Victoria](/source/Victoria_(Australia)) to assist mass evacuation efforts amidst the [2019–20 Australian bushfire season](/source/2019%E2%80%9320_Australian_bushfire_season).[8][9]
- [January 3](/source/January_3) – A United States [drone strike](/source/Assassination_of_Qasem_Soleimani) at [Baghdad International Airport](/source/Baghdad_International_Airport) kills ten people, including the intended target, an Iranian general [Qasem Soleimani](/source/Qasem_Soleimani) and Iraqi paramilitary leader [Abu Mahdi al-Muhandis](/source/Abu_Mahdi_al-Muhandis).[10]
- [January 5](/source/January_5) - [Second Libyan Civil War](/source/Second_Libyan_Civil_War): President [Recep Tayyip Erdoğan](/source/Recep_Tayyip_Erdo%C4%9Fan) announces the [deployment](/source/Turkish_military_intervention_in_the_Second_Libyan_Civil_War) of Turkish troops to Libya on behalf of the [United Nations](/source/United_Nations)-backed [Government of National Accord](/source/Government_of_National_Accord).[11] - [2019–20 Croatian presidential election](/source/2019%E2%80%9320_Croatian_presidential_election): The second round of voting is held, and [Zoran Milanović](/source/Zoran_Milanovi%C4%87) of the [Social Democratic Party of Croatia](/source/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Croatia) defeats [incumbent](/source/Incumbent) [president](/source/President_of_Croatia) [Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović](/source/Kolinda_Grabar-Kitarovi%C4%87).[12]
- [January 8](/source/January_8) - [Iran](/source/Iran) [launches ballistic missiles](/source/Operation_Martyr_Soleimani) at two [Iraqi](/source/Iraq) military bases hosting [U.S. soldiers](/source/American-led_intervention_in_Iraq_(2014%E2%80%93present)), injuring over 100 personnel.[13] - [Ukraine International Airlines Flight 752](/source/Ukraine_International_Airlines_Flight_752) was shot down by Iranian forces shortly after takeoff from [Tehran Imam Khomeini International Airport](/source/Tehran_Imam_Khomeini_International_Airport), killing all 176 people on board.[14]
- [January 9](/source/January_9) - A rare, [circumbinary planet](/source/Circumbinary_planet) called [TOI 1338-b](/source/TOI_1338) is discovered.[15] - [Islamic State militants in the Greater Sahara](/source/Islamic_State_in_the_Greater_Sahara) [assaulted](/source/Assault) a [Nigerien](/source/Niger) military base in the [battle of Chinagodrar](/source/Battle_of_Chinagodrar), killing at least 89 [Nigerien soldiers](/source/Niger_Armed_Forces).[16]
- [January 10](/source/January_10) – [Haitham bin Tariq](/source/Haitham_bin_Tariq) succeeds [Qaboos bin Said](/source/Qaboos_bin_Said) as the [Sultan of Oman](/source/Sultan_of_Oman).[17][18]
- [January 11](/source/January_11) – [Presidential](/source/2020_Taiwanese_presidential_election) and [legislative elections](/source/2020_Taiwanese_legislative_election) are held in [Taiwan](/source/Taiwan). [Incumbent](/source/Incumbent) [president](/source/President_of_the_Republic_of_China) [Tsai Ing-wen](/source/Tsai_Ing-wen) is reelected, and the [Democratic Progressive Party](/source/Democratic_Progressive_Party) wins a majority of 67 out of 113 seats in the [Legislative Yuan](/source/Legislative_Yuan).[19][20][21]
- [January 12](/source/January_12) – The [Taal Volcano](/source/Taal_Volcano) in the [Philippines](/source/Philippines) has had its first [major eruption](/source/2020_Taal_Volcano_eruption) since 1977.[22]
- [January 16](/source/January_16) – The [first impeachment trial](/source/First_impeachment_trial_of_Donald_Trump) of the [President of the United States](/source/President_of_the_United_States), [Donald Trump](/source/Donald_Trump), begins in the [U.S. Senate](/source/United_States_Senate). He was acquitted on [February 5](/source/February_5).[23]
- [January 18](/source/January_18) – [Yemeni Civil War](/source/Yemeni_Civil_War_(2014%E2%80%93present)): 111 [Yemeni soldiers](/source/Republic_of_Yemen_Armed_Forces) and five civilians are killed in a [drone and missile attack](/source/January_2020_Ma'rib_attack) on a [military camp](/source/Military_camp) near [Maʼrib](/source/Ma%CA%BCrib).[24]
- [January 20](/source/January_20) – [COVID-19 pandemic](/source/COVID-19_pandemic): [Chinese](/source/China) authorities publicly confirm [human-to-human transmission](/source/Human-to-human_transmission) of [severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2](/source/Severe_acute_respiratory_syndrome_coronavirus_2).[25]
- [January 22](/source/January_22) – The [Hellenic Parliament](/source/Hellenic_Parliament) [elects](/source/2020_Greek_presidential_election) [Katerina Sakellaropoulou](/source/Katerina_Sakellaropoulou) as [president of Greece](/source/President_of_Greece).[26][27]
- [January 23](/source/January_23) – [COVID-19 pandemic](/source/COVID-19_pandemic): The [Chinese](/source/China) city of [Wuhan](/source/Wuhan), the epicenter of the [initial COVID-19 outbreak](/source/COVID-19_pandemic_in_mainland_China), [is quarantined](/source/COVID-19_lockdown_in_China), with all scheduled public transport services and intercity flights halted.[28][29]
- [January 26](/source/January_26) - The [2020 Peruvian parliamentary election](/source/2020_Peruvian_parliamentary_election) is held to elect all 130 members of the [Congress of the Republic of Peru](/source/Congress_of_the_Republic_of_Peru).[30] - [2020 Calabasas helicopter crash](/source/2020_Calabasas_helicopter_crash): Nine people are killed in an accident in [Calabasas, California](/source/Calabasas,_California), including retired basketball player [Kobe Bryant](/source/Kobe_Bryant) and his daughter [Gianna](/source/Gianna_Bryant); cause later attributed to heavy fog.[31]
- [January 29](/source/January_29) – U.S. President [Donald Trump](/source/Donald_Trump) signs the [United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement](/source/United_States%E2%80%93Mexico%E2%80%93Canada_Agreement), a North American trade agreement set to replace [NAFTA](/source/North_American_Free_Trade_Agreement).[32]
- [January 30](/source/January_30) – [COVID-19 pandemic](/source/COVID-19_pandemic): The [World Health Organization](/source/World_Health_Organization) (WHO) declares the outbreak of [the disease](/source/COVID-19) a [public health emergency of international concern](/source/Public_Health_Emergency_of_International_Concern), the sixth time that this measure has been invoked since [2009](/source/2009).[33]
- [January 31](/source/January_31) – The [United Kingdom](/source/United_Kingdom) and [Gibraltar](/source/Gibraltar) formally withdraw from the [European Union](/source/European_Union), beginning an 11-month [transition period](/source/Brexit_withdrawal_agreement).[34]

### February

- [February 6](/source/February_6) – [Livraga derailment](/source/Livraga_derailment): A [Frecciarossa](/source/Frecciarossa) high-speed train traveling from [Milan](/source/Milan) to [Salerno](/source/Salerno) derailed in [Livraga](/source/Livraga), [Lombardy](/source/Lombardy), [Italy](/source/Italy). Two people were killed, and 31 were injured.[35]
- [February 8](/source/February_8) – The [2020 Irish general election](/source/2020_Irish_general_election) is held to elect 160 members of the [33rd Dáil](/source/33rd_D%C3%A1il), the [lower house](/source/Lower_house) of the [Oireachtas](/source/Oireachtas).[36][37]
- [February 11](/source/February_11) – [The COVID-19 pandemic](/source/COVID-19_pandemic): The [World Health Organization](/source/World_Health_Organization) (WHO) names the disease [COVID-19](/source/COVID-19).[38]
- [February 13](/source/February_13) – [NASA](/source/NASA) publishes a detailed study of [Arrokoth](/source/486958_Arrokoth), the most distant body ever explored by a spacecraft.[39]
- [February 19](/source/February_19) – [Hanau shootings](/source/Hanau_shootings): Eleven people are killed and five injured in a terrorist shooting spree by a far-right extremist targeting shisha bars in Hanau, near Frankfurt, Germany.[40]
- [February 24](/source/February_24) – The [Pakatan Harapan](/source/Pakatan_Harapan) coalition [government of Malaysia](/source/Government_of_Malaysia) [collapses](/source/2020%E2%80%9321_Malaysian_political_crisis) and is replaced by the [Perikatan Nasional](/source/Perikatan_Nasional) coalition. [Muhyiddin Yassin](/source/Muhyiddin_Yassin) becomes the eighth [Prime Minister of Malaysia](/source/Prime_Minister_of_Malaysia) on March 1.[41]
- [February 27](/source/February_27) – [2020 stock market crash](/source/2020_stock_market_crash): Triggered by [fears](/source/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic) of the spreading of COVID-19, the [Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA)](/source/Dow_Jones_Industrial_Average) plunges by 1,190.95 points, or 4.4%, to close at 25,766.64, its largest one-day point decline at the time. This follows several days of large falls, marking the worst week for the index since the [2008 financial crisis](/source/2008_financial_crisis).[42]
- [February 28](/source/February_28) – [Syrian Civil War](/source/Syrian_civil_war): [NATO](/source/NATO) expresses solidarity with [Turkey](/source/Turkey) after 34 Turkish soldiers were killed in an [airstrike](/source/2020_Balyun_airstrikes) by pro-[Syrian government](/source/Politics_of_Syria) forces.[43]
- [February 29](/source/February_29) - A [conditional peace agreement](/source/Doha_Agreement_(2020)) is signed between the [United States](/source/United_States) and the [Taliban](/source/Taliban). The U.S. begins gradually [withdrawing combat troops](/source/Withdrawal_of_United_States_troops_from_Afghanistan_(2021)) from [Afghanistan](/source/Afghanistan) on March 10.[44][45] - [Barquisimeto shooting](/source/Barquisimeto_shooting): During a demonstration, pro-government [colectivos](/source/Colectivo_(Venezuela)) shoot at disputed President and Speaker of the [National Assembly](/source/National_Assembly_(Venezuela)) [Juan Guaidó](/source/Juan_Guaid%C3%B3) and his supporters in [Barquisimeto](/source/Barquisimeto), [Venezuela](/source/Venezuela), leaving five injured.[46][47]

### March

- [March 2](/source/March_2) – The [Yahoo! Time capsule](/source/Yahoo!_Time_Capsule), dating from 2006, is opened.[48][49]
- [March 5](/source/March_5) – The [International Criminal Court](/source/International_Criminal_Court) authorizes the [Afghanistan War Crimes](/source/Alleged_United_States_War_Crimes#War_on_Terror) inquiry to proceed, reportedly allowing for the first time for [U.S. citizens](/source/Citizenship_of_the_United_States) to be investigated.[50]
- [March 9](/source/March_9) - [COVID-19 pandemic](/source/COVID-19_pandemic): [Italy](/source/Italy) becomes the [first country](/source/COVID-19_lockdown_in_Italy) to implement a nationwide quarantine in response to the COVID-19 outbreak.[51][52] - International share prices [fall sharply](/source/2020_stock_market_crash#9–13_March) in response to a [Russo-Saudi oil price war](/source/2020_Russia%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_oil_price_war) and the [impact of COVID-19](/source/Financial_market_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic). The [DJIA](/source/Dow_Jones_Industrial_Average) plunges more than 2,000 points, the largest fall in its history up to that point.[53] [Oil prices](/source/Price_of_oil) also plunged by as much as 30% in early trading, the biggest fall since [1991](/source/1990_oil_price_shock).[54][55]
- [March 11](/source/March_11) - [COVID-19 pandemic](/source/COVID-19_pandemic): The [World Health Organization](/source/World_Health_Organization) declares the COVID-19 outbreak a [pandemic](/source/Pandemic).[56]
- [March 12](/source/March_12) – [Global stock markets crashed](/source/Black_Thursday_(2020)) due to the [COVID-19 pandemic](/source/COVID-19_pandemic) and the [United States](/source/United_States) [travel ban](/source/Travel_restrictions_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic#Europe) on the [Schengen Area](/source/Schengen_Area). The [DJIA](/source/Dow_Jones_Industrial_Average) goes into free fall, closing at over −2,300 points, the worst loss for the index since [1987](/source/Black_Monday_(1987)).[57]
- [March 13](/source/March_13) – [COVID-19 pandemic](/source/COVID-19_pandemic): The [government of Nepal](/source/Government_of_Nepal) announces that [Mount Everest](/source/Mount_Everest) will be closed to climbers and the public for the rest of the season due to concerns about the [COVID-19 pandemic in Asia](/source/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Asia).[58]
- [March 16](/source/March_16) – The [DJIA](/source/Dow_Jones_Industrial_Average) [falls by 2,997.10](/source/2020_stock_market_crash#Black_Monday_II_(16_March)), the single [largest point drop in history](/source/List_of_largest_daily_changes_in_the_Dow_Jones_Industrial_Average) and the second-largest percentage drop ever at 12.93%, an even greater crash than [Black Monday (1929)](/source/Wall_Street_Crash_of_1929). This follows the [U.S. Federal Reserve](/source/Federal_Reserve) announcing that it will cut its target interest rate to 0–0.25%.[59]
- [March 17](/source/March_17) - [COVID-19 pandemic](/source/COVID-19_pandemic): - The [European Union](/source/European_Union)'s external and [Schengen](/source/Schengen_Area) borders are closed for at least 30 days in an effort to curb the COVID-19 pandemic.[60] - The [Euro 2020](/source/UEFA_Euro_2020) and [2020 Copa América](/source/2021_Copa_Am%C3%A9rica) [association football](/source/Association_football) tournaments are postponed until the summer of [2021](/source/2021) by [UEFA](/source/UEFA) and [CONMEBOL](/source/CONMEBOL), respectively.[61][62]
- [March 18](/source/March_18) - [COVID-19 pandemic](/source/COVID-19_pandemic): - The [Eurovision Song Contest 2020](/source/Eurovision_Song_Contest_2020) is cancelled due to [the spread of COVID-19 in Europe](/source/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Europe), the first cancellation in the contest's 64-year history.[63] - [The Solidarity Trial](/source/Solidarity_trial), a [WHO](/source/World_Health_Organization)-sponsored clinical trial dedicated to [finding a cure](/source/COVID-19_drug_development) against COVID-19, is announced.[64]
- [March 20](/source/March_20) - COVID-19 pandemic: The worldwide death toll from COVID-19 surpasses 10,000 as the total number of cases reaches a quarter of a million.[65] - The [Bhadla Solar Park](/source/Bhadla_Solar_Park) is commissioned and becomes the world's largest solar park.[66]
- [March 24](/source/March_24) - COVID-19 pandemic: - [India](/source/India) and the [United Kingdom](/source/United_Kingdom) go into lockdown to contain COVID-19. The total number of people in the world facing some form of pandemic-related movement restriction now exceeds 2.6 billion, a third of the [global population](/source/World_population).[67] - [Chinese Premier](/source/Premier_of_the_People's_Republic_of_China) [Li Keqiang](/source/Li_Keqiang) reports that the [domestically transmitted epidemic](/source/COVID-19_pandemic_in_mainland_China) is now under control.[68] Two days later, [China](/source/China) temporarily suspends entry for foreign nationals with [visas](/source/Travel_visa) or [residence permits](/source/Residence_permit), effective midnight on March 28.[69] - The [International Olympic Committee](/source/International_Olympic_Committee) and [Japan](/source/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Japan) postpone the [2020 Summer Olympics](/source/2020_Summer_Olympics) to [2021](/source/2021). On March 30, the Summer Olympics will be rescheduled from July 23 to August 8, 2021.[70][71]
- [March 26](/source/March_26) - COVID-19 pandemic: - Global COVID-19 cases reach 500,000, with nearly 23,000 deaths confirmed.[72] The [U.S.](/source/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States) surpasses [China](/source/China) and [Italy](/source/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Italy) in the total number of known COVID-19 cases, with at least 81,321 cases and more than 1,000 deaths.[73] - Militants in the [Philippines](/source/New_People's_Army), [Syria](/source/Syrian_civil_war), [Yemen](/source/Yemeni_Civil_War_(2015%E2%80%93present)), and [Libya](/source/Libyan_Civil_War_(2014%E2%80%93present)) agree to [U.N. Secretary-General](/source/U.N._secretary-general) [António Guterres](/source/Ant%C3%B3nio_Guterres)' call for a [ceasefire](/source/Ceasefire); some accept medical aid for themselves and civilians in their communities. [Colombia](/source/Colombia) and [Venezuela](/source/Venezuela) discuss a common response to the global pandemic, and the [UAE](/source/United_Arab_Emirates) airlifts aid to [Iran](/source/Iran).[74]
- [March 27](/source/March_27) – [North Macedonia](/source/North_Macedonia) becomes the 30th country to join [NATO](/source/NATO).[75]
- [March 28](/source/March_28) – The region of [Uusimaa](/source/Uusimaa) (with the capital city [Helsinki](/source/Helsinki)) is [temporarily isolated](/source/2020_Uusimaa_lockdown) from the rest of Finland due to increased [COVID-19 infections](/source/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Finland).[76]
- [March 30](/source/March_30) – [2020 Russia–Saudi Arabia oil price war](/source/2020_Russia%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_oil_price_war): The price of [Brent Crude](/source/Brent_Crude) falls 9% to $23 per barrel, the lowest level since November 2002.[77]

### April

- [April 1](/source/April_1) - COVID-19 pandemic: - [China](/source/China) reports 130 [asymptomatic](/source/Asymptomatic_carrier) cases of [COVID-19](/source/COVID-19), its first reported asymptomatic cases.[78] - [Yemen](/source/Yemen)'s [internationally recognised](/source/Yemeni_Civil_War_(2015%E2%80%93present)) [government](/source/Government_of_Yemen) releases more than 470 of its prisoners amid concerns of the spread of the virus in Yemen's overcrowded jails. The [United Nations Human Rights Council](/source/United_Nations_Human_Rights_Council) has called for the release of all political prisoners.[79]
- [April 2](/source/April_2) – COVID-19 pandemic: The number of confirmed cases of [COVID-19](/source/COVID-19) passes 1 million worldwide.[80]
- [April 5](/source/April_5) – COVID-19 pandemic: The first case of COVID-19 in a zoo animal is reported: a four-year-old female [Malayan tiger](/source/Malayan_tiger) at the [Bronx Zoo](/source/Bronx_Zoo) in [New York City](/source/New_York_City).[81]
- [April 6](/source/April_6) – The [United States](/source/United_States) designates the [Russian Imperial Movement](/source/Russian_Imperial_Movement) as a [terrorist](/source/Terrorism_in_Russia) organization and imposes sanctions on its leaders; it is the first [white supremacist](/source/White_supremacy) group the U.S. has [designated](/source/Specially_Designated_Global_Terrorist) as a terrorist organization.[82]
- [April 7](/source/April_7) – COVID-19 pandemic: [Japan](/source/Japan) declares a state of emergency in response to COVID-19 and finalises a stimulus package worth 108 trillion yen (US$990 billion), equal to 20% of the country's [GDP](/source/Gross_domestic_product).[83]
- [April 8](/source/April_8) – COVID-19 pandemic: The [Saudi–led coalition](/source/Saudi_Arabian%E2%80%93led_intervention_in_Yemen) declares a unilateral ceasefire in its operations against [Houthi](/source/Houthi_movement) forces in [Yemen](/source/Yemen) in accordance with [United Nations](/source/United_Nations)-led efforts.[84]
- [April 10](/source/April_10) - [Kivu Ebola epidemic](/source/Kivu_Ebola_epidemic): The [Democratic Republic of the Congo](/source/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo) reports the first case of [Ebola](/source/Ebola) since February 2020. The outbreak has killed more than 2,200 people since August 2018.[85] - The [ESA](/source/European_Space_Agency)/[JAXA](/source/JAXA) [space probe](/source/Space_probe) [BepiColombo](/source/BepiColombo) makes its final [gravity assist](/source/Gravity_assist) around [Earth](/source/Earth) and begins to depart for [Venus](/source/Venus), where it will make several gravity assist maneuvers before finally arriving at [Mercury](/source/Mercury_(planet)) in [2025](/source/2025).[86] - COVID-19 pandemic: - The death toll from COVID-19 exceeds 100,000 globally, a ten-fold increase from March 20.[87] - [EU finance ministers](/source/Economic_and_Financial_Affairs_Council) agree on a €540 billion loan package to alleviate the [economic fallout of the coronavirus pandemic](/source/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic).[88]
- [April 12](/source/April_12) - COVID-19 pandemic: [Pope Francis](/source/Pope_Francis) [livestreams](/source/Live_streaming) the *[Urbi et Orbi](/source/Urbi_et_Orbi)* blessing for [Easter](/source/Easter); it is the second blessing in a month, with the first taking place on [March 27](/source/March_27) during a special prayer service for the end of the pandemic.[89] - [OPEC](/source/OPEC) and allies strike a deal to [cut oil production](/source/2020_Russia%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_oil_price_war) by 9.7 million barrels per day, the largest such cut agreed upon, starting May 1.[90]

"April 14th 2020" redirects here. For the Fred Again song, see [Actual Life (April 14 – December 17, 2020)](/source/Actual_Life_(April_14_%E2%80%93_December_17,_2020)).

- [April 14](/source/April_14) - COVID-19 pandemic - The [International Monetary Fund](/source/International_Monetary_Fund) (IMF) says it expects the world economy to [shrink](/source/COVID-19_recession) 3%, the worst contraction since the [Great Depression](/source/Great_Depression) of the [1930s](/source/1930s).[91] - [U.S. president](/source/President_of_the_United_States) [Donald Trump](/source/Donald_Trump) announces that the [U.S.](/source/United_States) will suspend funding towards the [World Health Organization](/source/World_Health_Organization) (WHO) pending an investigation of its [handling of the COVID-19 pandemic](/source/National_responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic) and its [relationship](/source/China_and_the_United_Nations) with China.[92]
- [April 15](/source/April_15) - COVID-19 pandemic: - The number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 passes 2 million worldwide.[93] - The [2020 Tour de France](/source/2020_Tour_de_France) is delayed until August 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[94] - The [2020 South Korean legislative election](/source/2020_South_Korean_legislative_election) is held to elect all 300 members of the [National Assembly of South Korea](/source/National_Assembly_(South_Korea)) and the [Democratic Party of Korea](/source/Democratic_Party_(South_Korea,_2015))-[Platform Party](/source/Platform_Party) alliance wins 180 out of 300 seats.[95]
- [April 17](/source/April_17) - The [China Securities Regulatory Commission](/source/China_Securities_Regulatory_Commission) approves a transaction in which [Switzerland](/source/Switzerland)'s [Credit Suisse](/source/Credit_Suisse) will take a majority interest in a [China](/source/China) securities firm, making Credit Suisse the first foreign bank to own a majority of such a company since the easing of foreign ownership rules in [2018](/source/2018).[96] - COVID-19 pandemic: - China revises the COVID-19 death toll in Wuhan upward, adding 1,290 more fatalities to bring [the country](/source/COVID-19_pandemic_in_mainland_China)'s reported COVID-19 deaths to 4,632.[97] - [Europe](/source/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Europe) surpasses 100,000 COVID-19-related deaths.[98] - The [U.N. Human Rights Office](/source/Office_of_the_United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Human_Rights) accuses [Myanmar](/source/Myanmar) of carrying out daily airstrikes in the [Rakhine](/source/Rakhine_State) and [Chin](/source/Chin_State) states and that at least 32 civilians have been killed since March 23. The separatist [Arakan Army](/source/Arakan_Army_(Kachin_State)) unilaterally declared a month-long ceasefire to fight the [pandemic](/source/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Myanmar), but the military rejected the ceasefire claiming a previous ceasefire had been reneged by the insurgents.[99]
- [April 18](/source/April_18) – 44 suspected [Boko Haram](/source/Boko_Haram) members are found dead, apparently due to poisoning, inside a prison in [N'Djamena](/source/N'Djamena), [Chad](/source/Chad).[100]
- [April 19](/source/April_19) – COVID-19 pandemic: Unrest breaks out in [Paris](/source/Paris), [Berlin](/source/Berlin) and [Vladikavkaz](/source/Vladikavkaz) as opposition to COVID-19 lockdowns continues.[101]
- [April 20](/source/April_20) - Oil prices reach a record low, with [West Texas Intermediate](/source/West_Texas_Intermediate) falling into negative values.[102] - The [Industrial Bank of Korea](/source/Industrial_Bank_of_Korea) agrees to pay [US$](/source/U.S._dollar)86 million and will enter a two-year [deferred prosecution agreement](/source/Deferred_prosecution) to settle lawsuits with the [U.S. Department of Justice](/source/United_States_Department_of_Justice) and [the state of New York](/source/New_York_(state)) over a [2011](/source/2011) scheme to help transfer US$1 billion to [Iran](/source/Iran).[103] - [Israeli Prime Minister](/source/Prime_Minister_of_Israel) [Benjamin Netanyahu](/source/Benjamin_Netanyahu) and [Blue and White Alliance](/source/Blue_and_White_(political_alliance)) leader [Benny Gantz](/source/Benny_Gantz) agree on a deal to form a [unity government](/source/Thirty-fifth_government_of_Israel), thus ending more than a year of [political deadlock](/source/2019%E2%80%932021_Israeli_political_crisis). As part of the deal, Netanyahu will hold onto his position for 18 more months, with Gantz replacing him afterwards.[104]
- [April 21](/source/April_21) – [Mozambique police](/source/Mozambique_Defence_Armed_Forces) say 52 male villagers were killed by [Islamist](/source/Islamist) militants earlier this month in [Muidumbe District](/source/Muidumbe_District), [Cabo Delgado Province](/source/Cabo_Delgado_Province), after they refused to join their ranks.[105]
- [April 22](/source/April_22) – Iran's [Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps](/source/Islamic_Revolutionary_Guard_Corps) deploys the country's first [military satellite](/source/Noor_(satellite)), using a new satellite carrier called "[Ghased](/source/Qased_(rocket))" ("Messenger").[106]
- [April 23](/source/April_23) - [Syrian Civil War](/source/Syrian_civil_war): Two former high-ranking members of the [Syrian Army](/source/Syrian_Army) go on trial in [Koblenz](/source/Koblenz), [Germany](/source/Germany), for alleged [war crimes](/source/War_crime) committed during the civil war. It is the first time that Syrian military officials are prosecuted for their roles in the conflict.[107] - COVID-19 pandemic: [Facebook](/source/Facebook) removes "[pseudoscience](/source/Pseudoscience)" and "[conspiracy theory](/source/Conspiracy_theory)" as options for [targeted ads](/source/Targeted_advertising) as criticism mounts against [social media](/source/Social_media) for its role in spreading [misinformation about COVID-19](/source/Misinformation_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic).[108]
- [April 25](/source/April_25) - [Yemeni Civil War](/source/Yemeni_Civil_War_(2014%E2%80%93present)): The [Southern Transitional Council](/source/Southern_Transitional_Council) (STC) announces the establishment of a self-rule administration in southern Yemen and deploys forces in [Aden](/source/Aden).[109] Governors of multiple southern [Yemeni Governorates](/source/Governorates_of_Yemen) and [Socotra](/source/Socotra_Governorate) island reject the STC's claim to self-rule and declare their loyalty to [President](/source/President_of_Yemen) [Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi](/source/Abdrabbuh_Mansur_Hadi).[110] Months later on July 19, the STC accepts a Saudi-brokered peace deal and abandons its self-rule aspirations.[111] - COVID-19 pandemic: The global death toll from COVID-19 exceeds 200,000.[112] The [UK](/source/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom) becomes the fifth country to report 20,000 deaths.[113]
- [April 26](/source/April_26) – [King](/source/King_of_Saudi_Arabia) [Salman](/source/Salman_of_Saudi_Arabia) issues a royal decree, declaring that people will no longer be executed in [Saudi Arabia](/source/Legal_system_of_Saudi_Arabia) for crimes they were convicted of when they were minors.[114]
- [April 27](/source/April_27) – COVID-19 pandemic: The number of confirmed cases passes 3 million worldwide, while the number of confirmed cases in the [U.S.](/source/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States) passes 1 million.[115][116]
- [April 28](/source/April_28) - A [fast radio burst](/source/Fast_radio_burst) is detected from the [Magnetar](/source/Magnetar) [SGR 1935+2154](/source/SGR_1935%2B2154), the first ever detected inside the [Milky Way](/source/Milky_Way), and the first to be linked to a known source.[117] - [Colombia](/source/Colombia) formalizes its membership with the [Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development](/source/OECD) (OECD), becoming the 37th nation of the organization.[118] - The [Indian Ministry of External Affairs](/source/Ministry_of_External_Affairs_(India)) condemns the [U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom](/source/United_States_Commission_on_International_Religious_Freedom) after its annual report recommends placing [India](/source/India) on the "countries of particular concern" blacklist over the [Citizenship Amendment Act](/source/Citizenship_(Amendment)_Act,_2019), the [revocation of Jammu and Kashmir's special status](/source/Revocation_of_the_special_status_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir), and controversial comments made by [Home Minister](/source/Minister_of_Home_Affairs_(India)) [Amit Shah](/source/Amit_Shah), among others.[119]
- [April 29](/source/April_29) – [(52768) 1998 OR2](/source/(52768)_1998_OR2), a [near-Earth asteroid](/source/Near-Earth_object) that is 2 kilometers (1.2 mi) wide, makes a close approach of 0.042 [AU](/source/Astronomical_unit) (6.3 million [km](/source/Kilometre); 16 [LD](/source/Lunar_distance_(astronomy))) to [Earth](/source/Earth). It will not approach closer than this until [2079](/source/2070s).[120]
- [April 30](/source/April_30) - [NASA](/source/NASA) officially selects [SpaceX](/source/SpaceX), [Blue Origin](/source/Blue_Origin), and [Dynetics](/source/Dynetics) to build its next-generation [lunar lander](/source/Lunar_lander) to [carry American astronauts](/source/Artemis_program) to the [Moon](/source/Moon) by [2024](/source/2024).[121] - [Bulgaria](/source/Bulgaria) applies for [ERM II](/source/European_Exchange_Rate_Mechanism) (the "waiting room" for the [Eurozone](/source/Eurozone)), due to join along with [Croatia](/source/Croatia) in July 2020.[122]

### May

- [May 1](/source/May_1) - COVID-19 pandemic: The total number of recovered COVID-19 patients reaches 1 million worldwide, according to data from [The Johns Hopkins University](/source/Johns_Hopkins_University).[123] - [Guanare prison riot](/source/Guanare_prison_riot): A riot and attempted escape attempt leaves 47 dead and 75 injured in the *Centro Penitenciario de los Llanos* in [Guanare](/source/Guanare), [Venezuela](/source/Venezuela).[124]
- [May 2](/source/May_2) – The [United Nations](/source/United_Nations) publishes a report stating that Russia's indiscriminate bombing of civilians in Syria constitutes a war crime.[125][126][127]
- [May 3](/source/May_3)–[4](/source/May_4) – Venezuelan dissidents and a North American-based private military company, [Silvercorp USA](/source/Silvercorp_USA), unsuccessfully attempt to [infiltrate Venezuela](/source/Operation_Gideon_(2020)) and forcibly remove President [Nicolás Maduro](/source/Nicol%C3%A1s_Maduro) from office.[128]
- [May 4](/source/May_4) – A team of [British](/source/United_Kingdom) and [Kenyan](/source/Kenya) scientists announce the discovery of Microsporidia MB, a [parasitic](/source/Parasite) microbe in the [Microsporidia](/source/Microsporidia) fungi group that blocks [mosquitos](/source/Mosquito) from carrying [malaria](/source/Malaria), potentially paving the way for the control of malaria.[129]
- [May 5](/source/May_5) - COVID-19 pandemic: [The U.K. death toll from COVID-19](/source/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom) becomes the highest in Europe at 32,313 after exceeding the [death toll of 29,029 in Italy](/source/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Italy).[130] - The biggest television network in the Philippines, [ABS-CBN](/source/ABS-CBN), ceased operations for the first time in almost five decades because of the [loss of its franchise](/source/Shutdown_of_ABS-CBN_broadcasting).[131]
- [May 6](/source/May_6) - Astronomers announce the discovery of the first [black hole](/source/Black_hole) located in [a star system visible to the naked eye](/source/HR_6819).[132] - COVID-19 pandemic: New evidence indicates that an [Algerian](/source/Algeria)-born [French](/source/French_citizen) fishmonger, who had not traveled to [China](/source/China) and did not have contact with any [Chinese nationals](/source/China), was treated for [pneumonia](/source/Pneumonia) from an unknown source on December 27, 2019, now identified as [COVID-19](/source/COVID-19).[133]
- [May 8](/source/May_8) – The [Aurangabad railway accident](/source/Aurangabad_railway_accident) occurred in India. 17 migrants were sleeping on the trains when a freight train collided and killed 16 people and injured 1.[134]
- [May 9](/source/May_9) – Several [Chinese](/source/People's_Liberation_Army) and [Indian soldiers](/source/Indian_Armed_Forces) are injured in a [cross-border clash](/source/2020%E2%80%932022_China%E2%80%93India_skirmishes) at the [Nathu La](/source/Nathu_La) crossing. About 150 troops participated in the face-off, which involved fistfights and stone-throwing.[135]
- [May 10](/source/May_10) - The [Iranian Navy](/source/Islamic_Republic_of_Iran_Navy) frigate *[Jamaran](/source/Iranian_frigate_Jamaran)* [accidentally strikes](/source/Konarak_vessel_incident) the Iranian support vessel *[Konarak](/source/Iranian_support_vessel_Konarak)* with a missile, killing nineteen sailors. This is the first [friendly fire incident](/source/List_of_friendly_fire_incidents) since February 2019, when an Indian [Mil Mi-17](/source/Mil_Mi-17) helicopter was mistakenly shot down by [Indian air defense](/source/Indian_Air_Force) forces.[136][137] - COVID-19 pandemic: [Wuhan](/source/Wuhan) reports its first coronavirus cases in more than a month. An 89-year-old man is confirmed positive, but his wife and several members of the community are recorded as asymptomatic cases.[138]
- [May 11](/source/May_11) – The [Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology](/source/Max_Planck_Institute_for_Evolutionary_Anthropology) publishes the result of [radiocarbon](/source/Radiocarbon_dating) and [DNA analysis](/source/DNA_analysis) from the [fossils](/source/Fossil) that has been found in the [Bacho Kiro cave](/source/Bacho_Kiro_cave), [Bulgaria](/source/Bulgaria). The result, showing that the fossils belong to *[Homo sapiens](/source/Homo_sapiens)* instead of [Neanderthal](/source/Neanderthal), indicates that modern humans may have arrived in [Europe](/source/Europe) thousands of years earlier than previously thought.[139]
- [May 12](/source/May_12) – Gunmen [storm](/source/May_2020_Afghanistan_attacks#12_May_2020_attacks) a [maternity hospital](/source/Maternity_hospital) and kill 24 people, including two newborn babies, in [Dashte Barchi](/source/Dashte_Barchi), a majority-[Shia](/source/Shia_Islam) neighborhood of [Kabul](/source/Kabul), [Afghanistan](/source/Afghanistan). In a separate incident in [Kuz Kunar](/source/Kuz_Kunar_District), 32 people are killed at a funeral by a [suicide bomber](/source/Suicide_bomber).[140]
- [May 14](/source/May_14) - COVID-19 pandemic: - The global death toll from COVID-19 exceeds 300,000.[141] - The [UN](/source/United_Nations) warns of a global [mental health](/source/Mental_health) crisis caused by isolation, fear, uncertainty and economic turmoil.[142] - [NATO](/source/NATO) [Secretary General](/source/Secretary_General_of_NATO) [Jens Stoltenberg](/source/Jens_Stoltenberg) says the [military alliance](/source/Military_alliance) is "ready to support" the [UN](/source/United_Nations)-recognized [Government of National Accord](/source/Government_of_National_Accord) in [Libya](/source/Libya) while [Greece](/source/Greece), a member state of NATO, strongly criticizes Stoltenberg's remarks, saying his recognition of the "[Muslim Brotherhood](/source/Muslim_Brotherhood) government" does not reflect the positions of the military alliance.[143][144]
- [May 15](/source/May_15) – Researchers announce a 2.5 cm [millipede](/source/Millipede) [fossil](/source/Fossil) belonging to the *[Kampecaris](/source/Kampecaris)* genus, discovered on the island of [Kerrera](/source/Kerrera) in the [Scottish](/source/Scotland) [Inner Hebrides](/source/Inner_Hebrides), is the world's oldest-known land animal, which lived 425 million years ago in the [Silurian](/source/Silurian) period.[145]
- [May 16](/source/May_16) – [Félicien Kabuga](/source/F%C3%A9licien_Kabuga), a [Rwandan](/source/Rwanda) businessman responsible for supporting the [Rwandan genocide](/source/Rwandan_genocide), is arrested in [Asnières-sur-Seine](/source/Asni%C3%A8res-sur-Seine), [France](/source/France), after 26 years as a fugitive.[146]
- [May 18](/source/May_18) - The [United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs](/source/United_Nations_Office_for_the_Coordination_of_Humanitarian_Affairs) announces that [nearly 1 million people are affected and at least 24 people have died](/source/2020_East_Africa_floods) in [flash floods](/source/Flash_flood) that have hit [Beledweyne](/source/Beledweyne) and [Jowhar](/source/Jowhar), [Somalia](/source/Somalia).[147] - In a historic move, the [World Health Organization](/source/World_Health_Organization) holds its annual [World Health Assembly](/source/World_Health_Assembly) using [video conferencing](/source/Video-conferencing) instead of in-person meetings.[148]
- [May 19](/source/May_19) – [Palestinian](/source/State_of_Palestine) [President](/source/President_of_the_State_of_Palestine) [Mahmoud Abbas](/source/Mahmoud_Abbas) announces the termination of all agreements, including security ones, with [Israel](/source/Israel) and the [United States](/source/United_States) in response to Israel's plans to [annex the Jordan Valley](/source/Annexation_of_the_Jordan_Valley).[149]
- [May 21](/source/May_21) - [Cyclone Amphan](/source/Cyclone_Amphan) makes landfall in [eastern India](/source/East_India) and [Bangladesh](/source/Bangladesh), killing over 100 people and forcing the evacuation of more than 4 million others. It causes over US$13 billion in damage, making it the costliest cyclone ever recorded in the [North Indian Ocean](/source/North_Indian_Ocean_tropical_cyclone), shattering the record previously held by [Nargis](/source/Cyclone_Nargis).[150] - The [U.S.](/source/United_States) announces it will withdraw from the [Open Skies Treaty](/source/Treaty_on_Open_Skies) within six months, alleging continuous violations by [Russia](/source/Russia).[151] - COVID-19 pandemic: The number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 passes 5 million worldwide, with 106,000 new cases recorded over the past 24 hours, the highest single-day figure so far.[152]
- [May 22](/source/May_22) - [Flight PK8303](/source/Pakistan_International_Airlines_Flight_8303), a [Pakistan International Airlines](/source/Pakistan_International_Airlines) passenger aircraft, crashes in a residential area near [Karachi](/source/Karachi), in Pakistan, killing 97 of the 99 total people on board and injuring dozens on the ground.[153] - COVID-19 pandemic: [Brazil](/source/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Brazil) overtakes [Russia](/source/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Russia) to become the country with the second highest number of COVID-19 cases, with over 330,000 reported. [President Jair Bolsonaro](/source/Jair_Bolsonaro) continues to dismiss the threat of the virus.[154]
- [May 23](/source/May_23) – COVID-19 pandemic: [China](/source/COVID-19_pandemic_in_mainland_China) reports no new cases for the first time since the pandemic began, according to the [National Health Commission](/source/National_Health_Commission).[155]
- [May 24](/source/May_24) - Mining corporation [Rio Tinto](/source/Rio_Tinto_(corporation)) admits to blowing up the 46,000-year-old [Juukan Gorge](/source/Juukan_Gorge) [caves](/source/Cave) in the [Pilbara](/source/Pilbara) area of [Western Australia](/source/Western_Australia). The firm later issues an apology to the two [Aboriginal peoples](/source/Aboriginal_Australians) who are the [traditional owners](/source/Traditional_owners) of the site.[156] - [Egyptian President](/source/President_of_Egypt) [Abdel Fattah el-Sisi](/source/Abdel_Fattah_el-Sisi) pardons 3,157 prisoners to celebrate [Eid al-Fitr](/source/Eid_al-Fitr) and, two days later, [President of Zambia](/source/President_of_Zambia) [Edgar Lungu](/source/Edgar_Lungu) pardons nearly 3,000 inmates to commemorate [Africa Freedom Day](/source/Africa_Day).[157][158]
- [May 25](/source/May_25) - The [2020 Surinamese general election](/source/2020_Surinamese_general_election) is held to elect all 51 members of the [National Assembly of Suriname](/source/National_Assembly_(Suriname)).[159] - [Euroleague Basketball](/source/Euroleague_Basketball) announces that it has cancelled the 2019-20 [Turkish Airlines EuroLeague](/source/EuroLeague) and [7DAYS EuroCup](/source/EuroCup_Basketball) seasons due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
- [May 26](/source/May_26) - [Protests](/source/George_Floyd_protests) caused by the [murder of George Floyd](/source/Murder_of_George_Floyd) break out across [hundreds of cities in the U.S.](/source/List_of_George_Floyd_protests_in_the_United_States)[160] and [around the world](/source/List_of_George_Floyd_protests_outside_the_United_States).[161] These are followed by further protests and rallies on June 6 against racism and police brutality [around the world](/source/List_of_George_Floyd_protests_outside_the_United_States).[162] - [Costa Rica](/source/Costa_Rica) becomes the first [Central American](/source/Central_America) country to legalise [same-sex marriage](/source/Same-sex_marriage_in_Costa_Rica).[163] - [LATAM Airlines](/source/LATAM_Airlines_Group), the largest air carrier in [Latin America](/source/Latin_America), files for [Chapter 11 bankruptcy](/source/Chapter_11,_Title_11,_United_States_Code).[164]
- [May 27](/source/May_27) - The [Chinese National People's Congress](/source/National_People's_Congress) votes in favour of [national security legislation](/source/National_People's_Congress_Decision_on_Hong_Kong_national_security_legislation) that criminalizes "[secession](/source/Hong_Kong_independence)", "[subversion](/source/Subversion)", "[terrorism](/source/Terrorism)" and foreign interference in [Hong Kong](/source/Hong_Kong);[165] the legislation grants sweeping powers to the Chinese central government to suppress the [Hong Kong democracy movement](/source/2019%E2%80%9320_Hong_Kong_protests), including banning activist groups and curtailing [civil liberties](/source/Civil_liberties).[166] The U.S. government responds by declaring [Hong Kong](/source/Hong_Kong) is "no longer autonomous" under the [United States-Hong Kong Policy Act](/source/United_States-Hong_Kong_Policy_Act).[167] - COVID-19 pandemic: The U.S. death toll passes 100,000 – more [Americans](/source/Americans) than were killed in the [Vietnam War](/source/Vietnam_War) and [Korean War](/source/Korean_War) combined, and approaching that of the [First World War](/source/World_War_I), where 116,000 Americans died in combat.[168] The total number of cases continues to rise, although the rate is slowing.[169]
- [May 30](/source/May_30) – The [first crewed flight](/source/Crew_Dragon_Demo-2) of the [SpaceX Dragon 2](/source/SpaceX_Dragon_2) (initially scheduled for May 27 but delayed due to weather) is launched from [Cape Canaveral](/source/Kennedy_Space_Center_Launch_Complex_39), [Florida](/source/Florida), the first crewed spacecraft to take off from U.S. soil since the retirement of the [Space Shuttle](/source/Space_Shuttle) in [2011](/source/STS-135).[170]

### June

- [June 1](/source/June_1) – Kivu Ebola epidemic: The [World Health Organization](/source/World_Health_Organization) reports six new cases of [Ebola](/source/Ebola), and [UNICEF](/source/UNICEF) reports five deaths, in a renewed outbreak of the disease in [Mbandaka](/source/Mbandaka), [Équateur Province](/source/Province_of_%C3%89quateur), [Democratic Republic of the Congo](/source/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo).[171]
- [June 2](/source/June_2) – A [US$](/source/United_States_dollar)5 billion [class action](/source/Class_action) lawsuit is filed against [Alphabet Inc.](/source/Alphabet_Inc.) and [Google](/source/Google), alleging the company violates users' [right to privacy](/source/Right_to_privacy) by tracking them in [Chrome](/source/Google_Chrome)'s [incognito mode](/source/Private_browsing).[172]
- [June 3](/source/June_3) - [Prime Minister](/source/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom) [Boris Johnson](/source/Boris_Johnson) says the [UK](/source/United_Kingdom) will change [immigration laws](/source/United_Kingdom_immigration_law) to offer a pathway to [UK citizenship](/source/UK_citizenship) for all [Hong Kong](/source/Hong_Kong) citizens who are eligible for [BN(O)](/source/British_National_(Overseas)) status if the [government of China](/source/Government_of_China) imposes [new security laws](/source/National_People's_Congress_Decision_on_Hong_Kong_national_security_legislation) on the territory.[173] - [SpaceX](/source/SpaceX) successfully launches and deploys 60 [Starlink](/source/Starlink) satellites into a [low Earth orbit](/source/Low_Earth_orbit) from [Cape Canaveral Air Force Station](/source/Cape_Canaveral_Air_Force_Station), bringing the total number of Starlink satellites in orbit to 482.[174] - [Russian President](/source/President_of_Russia) [Vladimir Putin](/source/Vladimir_Putin) declares a [state of emergency](/source/State_of_emergency) after 20,000 tons of oil leaked into the [Ambarnaya River](/source/Ambarnaya_River) near the [Siberian](/source/Siberia) city of [Norilsk](/source/Norilsk) within the [Arctic Circle](/source/Arctic_Circle) on May 26, 2020. The [World Wildlife Fund](/source/World_Wildlife_Fund) said the accident is believed to be the [second-largest in modern Russian history](/source/Environmental_issues_in_Russia).[175]
- [June 4](/source/June_4) - Libya's [Government of National Accord](/source/Government_of_National_Accord) (GNA) says they are in full control of the capital, [Tripoli](/source/Tripoli,_Libya), after forces of the [Libyan National Army](/source/Libyan_National_Army) (LNA) retreat from the territory following [months of intense fighting](/source/2019%E2%80%932020_Western_Libya_campaign) in the city.[176] - [Hong Kong](/source/Hong_Kong)'s legislative council passes the controversial [National Anthem Ordinance](/source/National_Anthem_Ordinance).[177]
- [June 5](/source/June_5) – The [2020 Saint Kitts and Nevis general election](/source/2020_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis_general_election) is held to elect 11 members of the [National Assembly of Saint Kitts and Nevis](/source/National_Assembly_(Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis)).[178]
- [June 7](/source/June_7) – COVID-19 pandemic: The global death toll from COVID-19 exceeds 400,000.[179]
- [June 8](/source/June_8) – COVID-19 pandemic: The number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 passes 7 million worldwide.[180]
- [June 9](/source/June_9) – COVID-19 pandemic: A [Harvard University](/source/Harvard_University) study suggests that COVID-19 may have been spreading in China as early as [August 2019](/source/2019#August), based on hospital car park usage and web search trends.[181]
- [June 15](/source/June_15) - At least 20 Indian soldiers and over 40 Chinese forces are killed or injured in [skirmishes](/source/2020_China%E2%80%93India_skirmishes#Galwan_Valley_clash) in the disputed [Galwan Valley](/source/Galwan_River), the largest escalation along the [Sino-Indian border](/source/Sino-Indian_border_dispute) in five decades.[182] - [Turkish](/source/Turkish_Armed_Forces) and [Iranian](/source/Armed_Forces_of_the_Islamic_Republic_of_Iran) forces commence [air and artillery strikes](/source/Operation_Claw-Eagle_(2020)) against [Kurdistan Workers' Party](/source/Kurdistan_Workers'_Party) forces in [Iraqi Kurdistan](/source/Iraqi_Kurdistan). Turkey launches a [land operation](/source/Operation_Claw-Tiger) in the region on June 17.[183]
- [June 16](/source/June_16) - COVID-19 pandemic: The number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 passes 8 million worldwide.[184] - [North Korea](/source/North_Korea) demolishes the [Inter-Korean Liaison Office](/source/Inter-Korean_Liaison_Office) in [Kaesong](/source/Kaesong), established in [2018](/source/2018) to improve relations.[185]
- [June 21](/source/June_21) - An [annular solar eclipse](/source/Solar_eclipse_of_June_21,_2020) occurs.[186] - The [2020 Serbian parliamentary election](/source/2020_Serbian_parliamentary_election) is held to elect all 250 members of the [National Assembly of Serbia](/source/National_Assembly_(Serbia)). The ruling [For Our Children coalition](/source/Together_We_Can_Do_Everything) wins 188 out of 250 seats.[187][188]
- [June 22](/source/June_22) - COVID-19 pandemic: The number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 passes 9 million worldwide.[189] - The [2020 Kiribati presidential election](/source/2020_Kiribati_presidential_election) is held and [incumbent](/source/Incumbent) [president](/source/President_of_Kiribati) [Taneti Maamau](/source/Taneti_Maamau) is reelected.[190][191] - The [2020 Malawian presidential election](/source/2020_Malawian_presidential_election) is held and [Lazarus Chakwera](/source/Lazarus_Chakwera) of the [Malawi Congress Party](/source/Malawi_Congress_Party) is elected [president](/source/President_of_Malawi).[192][193][194][195]
- [June 24](/source/June_24) – The [2020 Mongolian legislative election](/source/2020_Mongolian_legislative_election) is held to elect the [State Great Khural](/source/State_Great_Khural) and the ruling [Mongolian People's Party](/source/Mongolian_People's_Party) wins 62 out of 76 seats.[196][197][198][199]
- [June 27](/source/June_27) - [Micheál Martin](/source/Miche%C3%A1l_Martin) succeeds [Leo Varadkar](/source/Leo_Varadkar) as [Taoiseach](/source/Taoiseach) of Ireland, with Varadkar becoming [Tánaiste](/source/T%C3%A1naiste) in a historic three-party coalition government.[200] - The [2020 Icelandic presidential election](/source/2020_Icelandic_presidential_election) is held and [incumbent](/source/Incumbent) [president](/source/President_of_Iceland) [Guðni Th. Jóhannesson](/source/Gu%C3%B0ni_Th._J%C3%B3hannesson) is reelected.[201][202]
- [June 28](/source/June_28) - COVID-19 pandemic: - The number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 passes 10 million worldwide.[203] The [U.S.](/source/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States) continues to report the highest number of any country as it reaches 2.5 million, a quarter of all cases globally.[204] - The global death toll from COVID-19 exceeds 500,000.[205] - The first round of voting of the [2020 Polish presidential election](/source/2020_Polish_presidential_election) is held.[206][207][208][209]
- [June 30](/source/June_30) – [China](/source/China) passes the controversial [Hong Kong national security law](/source/2020_Hong_Kong_national_security_law), allowing China to crack down on opposition to Beijing at home or abroad.[210]

### July

- [July 1](/source/July_1) – Russian voters back a [constitutional amendment](/source/2020_Russian_constitutional_referendum) that, among other things, enables [Vladimir Putin](/source/Vladimir_Putin) to seek two further six-year terms when his current term ends in 2024, potentially allowing him to remain in power until 2036.[211]
- [July 5](/source/July_5) - The [2020 Croatian parliamentary election](/source/2020_Croatian_parliamentary_election) is held to elect all 151 members of the [Croatian Parliament](/source/Croatian_Parliament).[212][213][214][215] - [2020 Dominican Republic general election](/source/2020_Dominican_Republic_general_election): [Modern Revolutionary Party](/source/Modern_Revolutionary_Party) candidate [Luis Abinader](/source/Luis_Abinader) is elected [president of the Dominican Republic](/source/President_of_the_Dominican_Republic), the Modern Revolutionary Party wins 17 out of 32 seats in the [Senate](/source/Senate_of_the_Dominican_Republic) and 86 out of 190 seats in the [Chamber of Deputies](/source/Chamber_of_Deputies_of_the_Dominican_Republic).[216][217][218][219]
- [July 7](/source/July_7) - [Protests](/source/2020%E2%80%932021_Bulgarian_protests) begin throughout [Bulgaria](/source/Bulgaria) with the goal of removing [Borisov's cabinet](/source/Third_Borisov_Government) and [Chief Prosecutor](/source/Office_of_the_General_Prosecutor_of_Bulgaria) [Ivan Geshev](/source/Ivan_Geshev) from office.[220] - COVID-19 pandemic: [Thousands of people rally](/source/2018%E2%80%932020_Serbian_protests) outside the [House of the National Assembly of Serbia](/source/House_of_the_National_Assembly_of_Serbia) in [Belgrade](/source/Belgrade) in response to stricter lockdown measures proposed by [President Aleksandar Vučić](/source/Aleksandar_Vu%C4%8Di%C4%87) following an increase of [cases in the city](/source/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Serbia).[221]
- [July 8](/source/July_8) – At least 180 bodies are found in [mass graves](/source/Mass_grave) in [Djibo](/source/Djibo), [Burkina Faso](/source/Burkina_Faso), where [soldiers](/source/Burkina_Faso_Armed_Forces) are fighting [jihadists](/source/Jihadist). It is suspected that [government](/source/Government_of_Burkina_Faso) forces were involved in mass [extrajudicial executions](/source/Extrajudicial_execution).[222]
- [July 10](/source/July_10) - The [ECB](/source/European_Central_Bank) accepts [Bulgaria](/source/Bulgaria_and_the_euro) and [Croatia](/source/Croatia_and_the_euro) into [ERM II](/source/European_Exchange_Rate_Mechanism), a mandatory stage for countries wishing to adopt the [euro](/source/Euro). This is the [currency union](/source/Eurozone)'s first [major expansion in half a decade](/source/Enlargement_of_the_eurozone).[223] - Turkey's President [Recep Tayyip Erdoğan](/source/Recep_Tayyip_Erdo%C4%9Fan) orders the [Hagia Sophia](/source/Hagia_Sophia) in [Istanbul](/source/Istanbul) to be [reverted to a mosque](/source/Conversion_of_non-Islamic_places_of_worship_into_mosques) following a [supreme court](/source/Council_of_State_(Turkey)) annulment of a 1934 presidential decree that made it into a museum.[224] - The [2020 Singaporean general election](/source/2020_Singaporean_general_election) is held to elect all 93 members of the [Parliament of Singapore](/source/Parliament_of_Singapore) and the [People's Action Party](/source/People's_Action_Party), led by [prime minister](/source/Prime_Minister_of_Singapore) [Lee Hsien Loong](/source/Lee_Hsien_Loong) wins 83 out of 93 seats.[225][226][227]
- [July 12](/source/July_12) – The second round of voting for the [2020 Polish presidential election](/source/2020_Polish_presidential_election) is held and [incumbent](/source/Incumbent) [president](/source/President_of_Poland) [Andrzej Duda](/source/Andrzej_Duda) is reelected.[228][229][230]
- [July 15](/source/July_15) – The [Twitter](/source/Twitter) accounts of prominent political figures, CEOs, and celebrities are [hacked](/source/2020_Twitter_bitcoin_scam) to promote a [bitcoin](/source/Bitcoin) scam.[231]
- [July 19](/source/July_19) – Flooding of the [Brahmaputra River](/source/Brahmaputra_River) kills 189 and leaves 4 million homeless in India and Nepal.[232]
- [July 21](/source/July_21) – COVID-19 pandemic: European leaders agree to create a €750 billion (US$858 billion) recovery fund to rebuild [EU economies](/source/Economy_of_the_European_Union) impacted by the [pandemic](/source/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic).[233]
- [July 22](/source/July_22) – COVID-19 pandemic: The number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 passes 15 million worldwide.[234]
- [July 25](/source/July_25) – COVID-19 pandemic: [North Korean](/source/North_Korea) leader [Kim Jong-un](/source/Kim_Jong-un) convenes an emergency meeting, declares a [state of emergency](/source/State_of_emergency), and orders the lockdown of [Kaesong](/source/Kaesong) after a person suspected of having COVID-19 returned from [South Korea](/source/COVID-19_pandemic_in_South_Korea). If confirmed, it would be the first case to be officially [acknowledged by North Korea](/source/COVID-19_pandemic_in_North_Korea).[235]
- [July 28](/source/July_28) – Former Prime Minister of Malaysia [Najib Razak](/source/Najib_Razak) is found guilty of all seven charges in the first of five trials on the [1MDB scandal](/source/1MDB_scandal), being jailed 12 years and fined [RM](/source/Malaysian_ringgit)210 million as a result.[236]
- [July 30](/source/July_30) – [NASA](/source/NASA) successfully launches its [Mars 2020](/source/Mars_2020) rover mission to search for signs of [ancient life](/source/Life_on_Mars) and collect samples for return to Earth. The mission includes technology demonstrations to prepare for [future human missions](/source/Colonization_of_Mars).[237]

### August

- [August 1](/source/August_1) – The [Barakah nuclear power plant](/source/Barakah_nuclear_power_plant) in the [UAE](/source/United_Arab_Emirates) becomes operational following delays since 2017. It is the first commercial [nuclear power station](/source/Nuclear_power_station) in the [Arab world](/source/Arab_world).[238]
- [August 2](/source/August_2) – COVID-19 pandemic: In rare talks, [Emirati Foreign Minister](/source/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_and_International_Cooperation_(United_Arab_Emirates)) [Sheikh Abdullah bin Zayed Al Nahyan](/source/Abdullah_bin_Zayed_Al_Nahyan) and [Iranian Foreign Minister](/source/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Iran)) [Mohammad Javad Zarif](/source/Mohammad_Javad_Zarif) hold a video call to discuss various regional issues, including combating [COVID-19](/source/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Asia) in their respective countries.[239]
- [August 4](/source/August_4) – [An explosion](/source/2020_Beirut_explosion) caused by unsafely stored [ammonium nitrate](/source/Ammonium_nitrate) kills at least 218 people, injures thousands, and severely damages [the port](/source/Port_of_Beirut) in [Beirut](/source/Beirut), [Lebanon](/source/Lebanon). Damage is estimated at $10–15 billion, and an estimated 300,000 people are left homeless. The following day, the Lebanese government declares a two-week [state of emergency](/source/State_of_emergency).[240][241][242]
- [August 5](/source/August_5) – [U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services](/source/United_States_Secretary_of_Health_and_Human_Services) [Alex Azar](/source/Alex_Azar) travels to [Taiwan](/source/Taiwan), the highest [U.S. official visit to the country](/source/Taiwan%E2%80%93United_States_relations) in 40 years. The [PRC](/source/China) condemns the visit.[243]
- [August 7](/source/August_7) – [Air India Express Flight 1344](/source/Air_India_Express_Flight_1344) crashes after overrunning the runway at [Calicut International Airport](/source/Calicut_International_Airport) in [Kerala](/source/Kerala), [India](/source/India), killing 19 of the 191 people on board.
- [August 9](/source/August_9) – A [presidential election in Belarus](/source/2020_Belarusian_presidential_election) which led to incumbent [Alexander Lukashenko](/source/Alexander_Lukashenko)'s reelection sparks [protests throughout the country](/source/2020%E2%80%9321_Belarusian_protests) after major opposition candidate [Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya](/source/Sviatlana_Tsikhanouskaya) rejected the results. Seven days later, the largest political march in [Belarusian history](/source/History_of_Belarus) takes place, with an estimated 300,000 people in [Minsk](/source/Minsk) and 200,000 in other [Belarusian cities and towns](/source/List_of_cities_and_largest_towns_in_Belarus).[244]
- [August 10](/source/August_10) - An intense [derecho](/source/August_2020_Midwest_derecho) kills 4 and brings widespread damaging wind to much of the [Midwestern](/source/Midwestern_United_States) United States in what becomes the costliest [thunderstorm](/source/Thunderstorm) event in US history.[245][246] - COVID-19 pandemic: The number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 passes 20 million worldwide.[247] - The [2020 Trinidad and Tobago general election](/source/2020_Trinidad_and_Tobago_general_election) is held to elect all 41 members of the [House of Representatives of Trinidad and Tobago](/source/House_of_Representatives_(Trinidad_and_Tobago)), the [lower house](/source/Lower_house) of the [bicameral](/source/Bicameralism) [Parliament of Trinidad and Tobago](/source/Parliament_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago) and the [People's National Movement](/source/People's_National_Movement) party, led by [prime minister](/source/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago) [Keith Rowley](/source/Keith_Rowley) won 22 out of 41 seats.[248][249][250]
- [August 11](/source/August_11) – COVID-19 pandemic: Russian President [Vladimir Putin](/source/Vladimir_Putin) announces that [Russia has approved](/source/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Russia) the [world's first COVID-19 vaccine](/source/Gam-COVID-Vac).[251]
- [August 13](/source/August_13) – [Israel](/source/Israel) and the [UAE](/source/United_Arab_Emirates) agree to [normalise relations](/source/Israel%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_peace_agreement), marking the third [Israel–Arab peace deal](/source/Israeli%E2%80%93Palestinian_peace_process).[252]
- [August 15](/source/August_15) – The [Japanese](/source/Japan) [bulk carrier](/source/Bulk_carrier) *Wakashio*, which stranded on a reef in [Mauritius](/source/Mauritius) last month, breaks in half. Approximately 1,000 tonnes of oil are [spilled into the ocean](/source/MV_Wakashio_oil_spill), becoming the largest [environmental disaster](/source/Environmental_disaster) in the [history of Mauritius](/source/History_of_Mauritius).[253]
- [August 18](/source/August_18) – A mutiny in a military base by soldiers of the [Malian Armed Forces](/source/Malian_Armed_Forces) develops into [a coup d'état](/source/2020_Malian_coup_d'%C3%A9tat). [President](/source/President_of_Mali) [Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta](/source/Ibrahim_Boubacar_Ke%C3%AFta) and [Prime Minister](/source/Prime_Minister_of_Mali) [Boubou Cissé](/source/Boubou_Ciss%C3%A9), among other senior governmental and military officers, are arrested. The next day, Keïta announces his [resignation](/source/Resignation) on state television.[254][255][256]
- [August 19](/source/August_19) – The [Special Tribunal for Lebanon](/source/Special_Tribunal_for_Lebanon) convicts *[in absentia](/source/Trial_in_absentia)* [Salim Ayyash](/source/Salim_Ayyash), a senior member of [Hezbollah](/source/Hezbollah), for the 2005 [assassination](/source/Assassination_of_Rafic_Hariri) of former [Prime Minister](/source/Prime_Minister_of_Lebanon) [Rafic Hariri](/source/Rafic_Hariri).[257]
- [August 22](/source/August_22) – COVID-19 pandemic: The worldwide death toll from COVID-19 exceeds 800,000.[258]
- [August 23](/source/August_23) – [Bayern Munich](/source/FC_Bayern_Munich) wins the [2019–20 UEFA Champions League](/source/2019%E2%80%9320_UEFA_Champions_League) by beating [Paris Saint-Germain](/source/Paris_Saint-Germain_F.C.) in the [final](/source/2020_UEFA_Champions_League_Final) 1–0.[259]
- [August 25](/source/August_25) – [Africa](/source/Africa) is declared free of wild [polio](/source/Polio), the second virus to be eradicated from the continent since [smallpox 40 years previously](/source/Eradication_of_smallpox).[260][261]
- [August 26](/source/August_26) – [Amazon](/source/Amazon_(company)) CEO [Jeff Bezos](/source/Jeff_Bezos) becomes the first person in history to have a net worth exceeding US$200 billion, according to *[Forbes](/source/Forbes)*.[262]
- [August 27](/source/August_27) – [Hurricane Laura](/source/Hurricane_Laura) makes landfall in [Lake Charles](/source/Lake_Charles,_Louisiana), [Louisiana](/source/Louisiana) with winds of 150 mph, making it the strongest hurricane to ever strike the state in terms of windspeed, tied with the [1856 Last Island Hurricane](/source/1856_Last_Island_hurricane).[263][264]
- [August 28](/source/August_28) – [Japanese Prime Minister](/source/Prime_Minister_of_Japan) [Shinzo Abe](/source/Shinzo_Abe), the [longest-serving prime minister](/source/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Japan) in the [history of Japan](/source/History_of_Japan), announces his resignation from office, citing ill health.[265]
- [August 30](/source/August_30) – COVID-19 pandemic: The number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 passes 25 million worldwide. India continues to record [the highest daily increase of cases](/source/COVID-19_pandemic_in_India).[266]

### September

- [September 2](/source/September_2) – [Intel](/source/Intel) introduces a new logo and its slogan "What's inside has never mattered more.", which was later changed to "Do something wonderful.".
- [September 3](/source/September_3) - [Sudanese Prime Minister](/source/Prime_Minister_of_Sudan) [Abdalla Hamdok](/source/Abdalla_Hamdok) and [Abdelaziz al-Hilu](/source/Abdelaziz_al-Hilu), the leader of the [Sudan People's Liberation Movement-North](/source/Sudan_People's_Liberation_Movement-North) (SPLM–N), sign an agreement to transition [the country](/source/Sudan) into a [secular state](/source/Secular_state). The agreement comes three days after the signing of a [peace deal](/source/Sudanese_conflict_in_South_Kordofan_and_Blue_Nile) between [Sudan's transitional government](/source/2019%E2%80%932022_Sudanese_transition_to_democracy) and the [Sudan Revolutionary Front](/source/Sudan_Revolutionary_Front), which the [SPLM–N](/source/Sudan_People's_Liberation_Movement-North) opted out of. Weeks later on October 3, the transitional government signed a peace deal with the main rebel groups, including the [SPLM–N](/source/Sudan_People's_Liberation_Movement-North), which had refused to engage in previous talks.[267][268] - The skeletons of 200 mammoths and 30 other animals are unearthed at a construction site for the [Mexico City Santa Lucía Airport](/source/Mexico_City_Santa_Luc%C3%ADa_Airport). It is the largest find of mammoth bones to date, surpassing [The Mammoth Site](/source/The_Mammoth_Site) in the U.S. which had 61 skeletons.[269]
- [September 4](/source/September_4) - [Pope Benedict XVI](/source/Pope_Benedict_XVI) becomes the longest-lived pope at 93 years, 4 months, and 16 days, surpassing [Pope Leo XIII](/source/Pope_Leo_XIII), who died in 1903.[270] - The [La Línea](/source/La_L%C3%ADnea_(Road_Pass)) highway tunnel, the longest road tunnel in [South America](/source/South_America) at a length of 8.65 kilometres (5.37 mi), is opened in [Colombia](/source/Colombia) after 14 years of construction and several delays.[271] - [Kosovo and Serbia](/source/Kosovo%E2%80%93Serbia_relations) announce that they will [normalize economic relations](/source/2020_Kosovo%E2%80%93Serbia_agreement). The two countries will also move their [Israeli embassies](/source/Foreign_relations_of_Israel) to Jerusalem, becoming [the third and fourth countries](/source/List_of_positions_on_Jerusalem) to [recognize Jerusalem as Israel's capital](/source/Status_of_Jerusalem).[272][273] - [Bahrain](/source/Bahrain) and [Israel](/source/Israel) agree to [normalise relations](/source/Bahrain%E2%80%93Israel_normalization_agreement), marking the fourth [Israel–Arab peace deal](/source/Israeli%E2%80%93Palestinian_peace_process).[274]
- [September 6](/source/September_6) – [Typhoon Haishen](/source/Typhoon_Haishen_(2020)) makes landfall on Japan and then South Korea as a strong category 2-equivalent typhoon.[275] It later makes landfall on North Korea where widespread flooding occurs.[276]
- [September 14](/source/September_14) - Former [Prime Minister of Malaysia](/source/Prime_Minister_of_Malaysia) [Najib Razak](/source/Najib_Razak) is listed on the [Malaysian Anti-Corruption Commission](/source/Malaysian_Anti-Corruption_Commission) (MACC) online database of corruption offenders convicted locally. His name at the top of the first page of the MACC Corruption Offenders Database.[277] - The [Royal Astronomical Society](/source/Royal_Astronomical_Society) announces the detection of [phosphine](/source/Phosphine) in [Venus](/source/Venus)' atmosphere, which is known to be a strong predictor for the presence of microbial life.[278] - The first discovery of the perfectly preserved remains of a [cave bear](/source/Cave_bear), believed to be 22,000 to 39,500 years old ([Late Pleistocene](/source/Late_Pleistocene)), is made in [Lyakhovsky Islands](/source/Lyakhovsky_Islands), [Siberia](/source/Siberia) in the thawing [permafrost](/source/Permafrost).[279]
- [September 16](/source/September_16) - A [United Nations Human Rights Council](/source/United_Nations_Human_Rights_Council) fact-finding mission formally accuses the [Venezuelan government](/source/Government_of_Venezuela) of [crimes against humanity](/source/Crimes_against_humanity), including cases of killings, torture, violence against political opposition and disappearances since 2014. President [Nicolás Maduro](/source/Nicol%C3%A1s_Maduro) and other senior Venezuelan officials are among those implicated in the charges.[280] - [Yoshihide Suga](/source/Yoshihide_Suga) becomes the new [Prime Minister of Japan](/source/Prime_Minister_of_Japan), replacing [Shinzo Abe](/source/Shinzo_Abe).[281] - [Hurricane Sally](/source/Hurricane_Sally) makes landfall on the [Alabama](/source/Alabama) coast as a high-end [Category 2](/source/Saffir-Simpson_Hurricane_Wind_Scale) hurricane, causing over $8 billion in damages and killing 8 people.
- [September 17](/source/September_17) - [France](/source/France), [Germany](/source/Germany), and the [United Kingdom](/source/United_Kingdom) issue a joint *[note verbale](/source/Diplomatic_correspondence)* to the [United Nations](/source/United_Nations) rejecting [China's claims](/source/Territorial_disputes_in_the_South_China_Sea) to the [South China Sea](/source/South_China_Sea), and supporting the ruling in *[Philippines v. China](/source/Philippines_v._China)* that said the historic rights per the [nine-dash line](/source/Nine-dash_line) ran counter to the [United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea](/source/United_Nations_Convention_on_the_Law_of_the_Sea). However, the statement says that on "territorial sovereignty" they "take no position".[282] - COVID-19 pandemic: The number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 passes 30 million worldwide.[283]
- [September 19](/source/September_19) – A 1634 edition of *[The Two Noble Kinsmen](/source/The_Two_Noble_Kinsmen)*, the last [play](/source/Shakespeare's_plays) by English playwright [William Shakespeare](/source/William_Shakespeare), is discovered at the [Royal Scots College](/source/Royal_Scots_College)'s library in [Salamanca](/source/Salamanca), [Spain](/source/Spain). It is believed to be the oldest copy of any of his works in the country.[284]
- [September 20](/source/September_20) – *[BuzzFeed News](/source/BuzzFeed_News)* and the [International Consortium of Investigative Journalists](/source/International_Consortium_of_Investigative_Journalists) (ICIJ) release the [FinCEN Files](/source/FinCEN_Files), a collection of 2,657 documents relating to the [Financial Crimes Enforcement Network](/source/Financial_Crimes_Enforcement_Network) describing over 200,000 suspicious transactions valued at over US$2 trillion that occurred from 1999 to 2017 across multiple global financial institutions.[285]
- [September 21](/source/September_21) – [Microsoft](/source/Microsoft) agrees to buy [video game](/source/Video_game) holding company [ZeniMax Media](/source/ZeniMax_Media), including [Bethesda Softworks](/source/Bethesda_Softworks) and their following subsidiaries for US$7.5 billion, in what was the biggest and most expensive takeover in the history of the [video game industry](/source/Video_game_industry).[286]
- [September 27](/source/September_27) – Beginning of the [Second Nagorno-Karabakh War](/source/Second_Nagorno-Karabakh_War): deadly clashes erupt in [Nagorno-Karabakh](/source/Nagorno-Karabakh) between [Armenian](/source/Armed_Forces_of_Armenia) and [Azerbaijani](/source/Azerbaijani_Armed_Forces) forces. Armenia, Azerbaijan, and the [Republic of Artsakh](/source/Republic_of_Artsakh) introduce [martial law](/source/Martial_law) and [mobilize](/source/Mobilization) forces.[287]
- [September 29](/source/September_29) - COVID-19 pandemic: The worldwide death toll from COVID-19 exceeds one million.[288] - The [Emir of Kuwait](/source/Emir_of_Kuwait) [Sheikh Sabah Al-Sabah](/source/Sabah_Al-Ahmad_Al-Jaber_Al-Sabah) dies at the age of 91. Crown Prince [Nawaf Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah](/source/Nawaf_Al-Ahmad_Al-Jaber_Al-Sabah) is named his successor.[289][290]

### October

- [October 1](/source/October_1) – The [EU](/source/EU) began legal proceedings against the UK after it ignored their deadline to drop controversial sections from its [internal market Bill](/source/United_Kingdom_Internal_Market_Act_2020).[291]

- [October 5](/source/October_5) – COVID-19 pandemic: The number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 passes 35 million worldwide. The news coincides with the World Health Organization estimating that total worldwide cases may be around 760 million; roughly a tenth of the global population.[292][293]
- October 6 – [Serious floods](/source/2020_Central_Vietnam_floods) affected in [Central Vietnam](/source/Central_Vietnam), lasted nearly 3 months and killed at least 249 people.
- [October 15](/source/October_15) - [2020 Thai protests](/source/2020_Thai_protests): The [Government of Thailand](/source/Government_of_Thailand) declares a "severe" [state of emergency](/source/State_of_emergency) banning gatherings of five or more people, initiating a crackdown on demonstrations and imposing media censorship.[294] - [President of Kyrgyzstan](/source/President_of_Kyrgyzstan) [Sooronbay Jeenbekov](/source/Sooronbay_Jeenbekov) resigns from office after weeks of [massive protests](/source/2020_Kyrgyzstan_protests) in the wake of the [October 2020 parliamentary election](/source/October_2020_Kyrgyz_parliamentary_election); opposition leader [Sadyr Japarov](/source/Sadyr_Japarov) assumes office as both the acting president and [Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan](/source/Prime_Minister_of_Kyrgyzstan).[295]
- [October 17](/source/October_17) – [2020 New Zealand general election](/source/2020_New_Zealand_general_election): [Jacinda Ardern](/source/Jacinda_Ardern)'s [Labour Party](/source/New_Zealand_Labour_Party) wins a landslide second term in office, defeating the [National Party](/source/New_Zealand_National_Party) led by [Judith Collins](/source/Judith_Collins) and gaining the country's first [parliamentary majority](/source/New_Zealand_Parliament) since the introduction of the [MMP](/source/Mixed-member_proportional_representation) voting system.[296]
- [October 19](/source/October_19) – COVID-19 pandemic: The number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 passes 40 million worldwide.[297]
- [October 20](/source/October_20) – NASA's [OSIRIS-REx](/source/OSIRIS-REx) spacecraft briefly touches down on [Bennu](/source/101955_Bennu), becoming the agency's first probe to retrieve samples from an asteroid, with its cargo later successfully [returning to Earth](/source/Sample-return_mission) on September 24, 2023.[298][299]
- [October 21](/source/October_21) – Heavy rains brought by [tropical storm Linfa](/source/Tropical_Storm_Linfa) caused landslides at the Rao Trang 3 hydroelectric plant in [Thua Thien Hue](/source/Thua_Thien_Hue), [Vietnam](/source/Vietnam), killing 17 construction workers and 13 soldiers who were on a rescue mission.[300][301]
- [October 22](/source/October_22) – The [Geneva Consensus Declaration](/source/Geneva_Consensus_Declaration) on Promoting Women's Health and Strengthening the Family is signed by government representatives from 34 countries.[302]
- [October 23](/source/October_23) - At the end of an 11-year [demining](/source/Demining) process, the [Falkland Islands](/source/Falkland_Islands) are declared [free of land mines](/source/Land_mines_in_the_Falkland_Islands), 38 years after the end of the [1982 war](/source/Falklands_War).[303] - [Israel](/source/Israel) and [Sudan](/source/Sudan) agree to [normalise relations](/source/Israel%E2%80%93Sudan_normalization_agreement), marking the fifth [Israel–Arab peace deal](/source/Israeli%E2%80%93Palestinian_peace_process).[274][304][305]
- [October 26](/source/October_26) – NASA confirms the existence of [molecular water](/source/Lunar_water) on the sunlit side of the [Moon](/source/Moon), near [Clavius crater](/source/Clavius_(crater)), at concentrations of up to 412 parts per million.[306]
- [October 29](/source/October_29) – The [International Organization for Migration](/source/International_Organization_for_Migration) (IOM) confirms the death of at least 140 migrants who drowned off the coast of [Senegal](/source/Senegal) on a vessel bound for the Spanish [Canary Islands](/source/Canary_Islands), making it the deadliest shipwreck of 2020.[307]
- [October 30](/source/October_30) - [2020 Aegean Sea earthquake](/source/2020_Aegean_Sea_earthquake): A magnitude 7.0 earthquake hits Turkey and Greece, killing 119 people and injuring over 1,000.[308][309] - COVID-19 pandemic: The number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 passes 45 million worldwide.[310]
- [October 31](/source/October_31) – [Typhoon Goni](/source/Typhoon_Goni_(2020)) makes landfall in the Philippines, becoming the strongest landfalling tropical cyclone in history, displacing hundreds of thousands of people and killing dozens of people in the region.[311]

### November

- [November 1](/source/November_1) – [2020 Moldovan presidential election](/source/2020_Moldovan_presidential_election): Former [Prime Minister](/source/Prime_Minister_of_Moldova) and [Minister of Education](/source/Ministry_of_Education,_Culture_and_Research_(Moldova)) [Maia Sandu](/source/Maia_Sandu) is elected as the 6th [President of Moldova](/source/President_of_Moldova), becoming the first woman to ever hold the post.[312]
- [November 3](/source/November_3) – [4](/source/November_4) - [2020 United States presidential election](/source/2020_United_States_presidential_election): The election of [Joe Biden](/source/Joe_Biden) as the 46th [President of the United States](/source/President_of_the_United_States) and [Kamala Harris](/source/Kamala_Harris) as the 49th [Vice President of the United States](/source/Vice_President_of_the_United_States) is called by many news media organizations after remaining vote counts (November 7) come in from key states delayed by an influx of mail-in ballots caused by the pandemic, defeating incumbent President [Donald Trump](/source/Donald_Trump).[313][314] - [2020 United States elections](/source/2020_United_States_elections) take place, ending in an overall success for the Democratic Party and securing a trifecta.[315] - The United States formally [exits](/source/United_States_withdrawal_from_the_Paris_Agreement) the [Paris Agreement](/source/Paris_Agreement) on [climate change](/source/Climate_change).[316] - Beginning of the [Tigray War](/source/Tigray_War): [Ethiopia](/source/Ethiopia) launches an offensive in [Tigray](/source/Tigray_Region) following an [attack on Ethiopian military bases](/source/Northern_Command_attacks_(Ethiopia)) by the [Tigray People's Liberation Front](/source/Tigray_People's_Liberation_Front).[317]
- [November 7](/source/November_7) – [Hurricane Eta](/source/Hurricane_Eta) makes landfall in [Nicaragua](/source/Nicaragua), killing over 100 people in Central America as a category 4.[318]
- [November 8](/source/November_8) – COVID-19 pandemic: The number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 passes 50 million worldwide.[319]
- [November 9](/source/November_9) - Second Nagorno-Karabakh War: Armenia, Azerbaijan and Russia sign a [ceasefire agreement](/source/2020_Nagorno-Karabakh_ceasefire_agreement), formally ending the war.[320] - COVID-19 pandemic: The first successful [phase III trial](/source/Phases_of_clinical_research) of a [COVID-19 vaccine](/source/COVID-19_vaccine) is announced by drug companies [Pfizer](/source/Pfizer) and [BioNTech](/source/BioNTech), which is 90% effective according to interim results.[321]
- [November 10](/source/November_10) – [Apple](/source/Apple_Inc.) releases the first [Mac computers](/source/Macintosh) (a new [MacBook Air](/source/MacBook_Air_(Apple_silicon)), [Mac mini](/source/Mac_Mini) and [MacBook Pro](/source/MacBook_Pro)) powered by [Apple silicon](/source/Apple_silicon) chips.[322]
- [November 11](/source/November_11) – COVID-19 pandemic: The [Sputnik V](/source/Sputnik_V) vaccine is proven to be 92% effective against COVID-19 according to interim results.[323]
- [November 12](/source/November_12) – [13](/source/November_13) - Hong Kong pro-democracy lawmakers resign en masse, in response to four lawmakers' disqualification made by the government.[324] - [Typhoon Vamco](/source/Typhoon_Vamco_(2020)) makes landfall in [Vietnam](/source/Vietnam), after crossing the [Philippines](/source/Philippines) and killing at least 69 people. The storm causes the worst floods in the region since [Typhoon Ketsana](/source/Typhoon_Ketsana) in [2009](/source/2009).[325][326] - [Western Sahara conflict](/source/Western_Sahara_conflict): [fighting erupts](/source/Western_Saharan_clashes_(2020%E2%80%93present)) between [Morocco](/source/Morocco) and the [Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic](/source/Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic) when [Moroccan forces](/source/Royal_Moroccan_Armed_Forces) launch a military operation to capture the town of [Guerguerat](/source/Guerguerat), located in a [UN-monitored](/source/United_Nations_Mission_for_the_Referendum_in_Western_Sahara) buffer zone.[327][328]
- [November 15](/source/November_15) - The [Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP)](/source/Regional_Comprehensive_Economic_Partnership) is signed by 15 [Asia-Pacific](/source/Asia-Pacific) countries to form the world's largest free-trade bloc, covering a third of the world's population.[329] - [NASA](/source/NASA) and [SpaceX](/source/SpaceX) launch the [SpaceX Crew-1](/source/SpaceX_Crew-1) mission from [Kennedy Space Center](/source/Kennedy_Space_Center) [Launch Complex 39A](/source/Kennedy_Space_Center_Launch_Complex_39A) to the [ISS](/source/International_Space_Station), the first operational flight of the [Crew Dragon](/source/Crew_Dragon) capsule.[330] - [Lewis Hamilton](/source/Lewis_Hamilton) wins his seventh [Formula One World Drivers' Championship](/source/List_of_Formula_One_World_Drivers'_Champions) at the [2020 Turkish Grand Prix](/source/2020_Turkish_Grand_Prix), equalling the record set by [Michael Schumacher](/source/Michael_Schumacher) in [2004](/source/2004_Formula_One_World_Championship).
- [November 16](/source/November_16) - COVID-19 pandemic: The [Moderna COVID-19 vaccine](/source/Moderna_COVID-19_vaccine) is proven to be 94.5% effective against COVID-19 based on interim results, including severe illnesses. The vaccine has been cited as being among those that are easier to distribute as no ultra-cold storage is required.[331] - [Hurricane Iota](/source/Hurricane_Iota) makes landfall in [Nicaragua](/source/Nicaragua) as a Category 4 hurricane just two weeks after [Hurricane Eta](/source/Hurricane_Eta) made landfall, devastating the same areas.[332]
- [November 17](/source/November_17) – COVID-19 pandemic: The number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 passes 55 million worldwide, with around a million cases recorded every two days on average.[333]
- [November 18](/source/November_18) – COVID-19 pandemic: [Pfizer](/source/Pfizer) and [BioNTech](/source/BioNTech) complete trials on their [COVID-19 vaccine](/source/COVID-19_vaccine), with an overall effectiveness rate of 95% without adverse events.[334]
- [November 19](/source/November_19) - The [Brereton Report](/source/Brereton_Report) into [Australian](/source/Australia) war crimes during the [War in Afghanistan](/source/War_in_Afghanistan_(2001%E2%80%93present)) is released.[335] - *[Shuggie Bain](/source/Shuggie_Bain)* by [Douglas Stuart](/source/Douglas_Stuart_(writer)) wins the [2020 Booker Prize](/source/2020_Booker_Prize).[336] - The [PlayStation 5](/source/PlayStation_5) is released worldwide.*[337]*
- [November 22](/source/November_22) – The United States withdraws from the [Treaty on Open Skies](/source/Treaty_on_Open_Skies).[338]
- [November 23](/source/November_23) – COVID-19 pandemic: [AstraZeneca](/source/AstraZeneca)'s [AZD1222](/source/AZD1222) vaccine, developed in collaboration with [Oxford University](/source/Oxford_University), is shown to be 70% effective in protecting against COVID-19. The efficacy can be raised to 90% if an initial half dose is followed by a full dose a month later, based on interim data.[339][340]
- [November 25](/source/November_25) – COVID-19 pandemic: The number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 passes 60 million worldwide.[341]
- [November 27](/source/November_27) – Iran's top nuclear scientist, [Mohsen Fakhrizadeh](/source/Mohsen_Fakhrizadeh), is assassinated near [Tehran](/source/Tehran).[342][343]
- [November 28](/source/November_28) – [Koshobe massacre](/source/Koshobe_massacre): [Boko Haram](/source/Boko_Haram) terrorists attack a village in [Borno](/source/Borno_State), [Nigeria](/source/Nigeria), killing 110 people and wounding 6 people.[344]
- [November 30](/source/November_30) - A [penumbral lunar eclipse](/source/November_2020_lunar_eclipse) occurs; the last of four lunar eclipses in 2020.[345] - [Protein folding](/source/Protein_folding), one of the biggest mysteries in biology,[346] is solved by [AlphaFold](/source/AlphaFold), an [artificial intelligence](/source/Artificial_intelligence) algorithm developed by [DeepMind](/source/DeepMind).[347][348] - COVID-19 pandemic: [Moderna](/source/Moderna) files an application for [Emergency Use Authorization](/source/Emergency_Use_Authorization) in the United States after its vaccine achieved an efficacy of 94.1% from full trials without safety concerns. It also plans to do the same in EU soon.[349]

### December

- [December 1](/source/December_1) - COVID-19 pandemic: [Pfizer](/source/Pfizer) and [BioNTech](/source/BioNTech) announced an Emergency Use Authorization application to the [European Medicines Agency](/source/European_Medicines_Agency).[350] - The [Arecibo Telescope](/source/Arecibo_Telescope) of the [Arecibo Observatory](/source/Arecibo_Observatory) collapses, just weeks after the announcement of its planned demolition.[351]
- [December 2](/source/December_2) - COVID-19 pandemic: The United Kingdom approves [Pfizer](/source/Pfizer)-[BioNTech](/source/BioNTech)'s [BNT162b2](/source/Pfizer%E2%80%93BioNTech_COVID-19_vaccine) vaccine, being the first country in the world to do so.[352] - Three activists in Hong Kong were jailed for their roles in the [2019–20 Hong Kong protests](/source/2019%E2%80%9320_Hong_Kong_protests), with [Joshua Wong](/source/Joshua_Wong) getting the heaviest at 13.5 months.[353] - The [United Nations](/source/United_Nations) [Commission on Narcotic Drugs](/source/UN_Commission_on_Narcotic_Drugs) votes to remove [cannabis](/source/Cannabis_(drug)) from the [treaty list of dangerous drugs in recognition of its medical value](/source/Removal_of_cannabis_and_cannabis_resin_from_Schedule_IV_of_the_Single_Convention_on_narcotic_drugs,_1961), although some controls will remain.[354][355][356][357][358]
- [December 4](/source/December_4) - COVID-19 pandemic: The number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 passes 65 million worldwide, with the global death toll exceeding 1.5 million. Figures reflect that, in the last week, over 10,000 people worldwide have died on average every day, with one death every nine seconds. According to the [World Health Organization](/source/World_Health_Organization), [COVID-19](/source/COVID-19) had caused more deaths in 2020 than [tuberculosis](/source/Tuberculosis) in 2019, as well as four times the number of deaths than [malaria](/source/Malaria).[359][360] - [Somali Civil War](/source/Somali_Civil_War_(2009-present)): The United States announces its withdrawal from the conflict over the next month.[361]
- [December 5](/source/December_5) – COVID-19 pandemic: [Russia](/source/Russia) begins mass vaccination against COVID-19 with the [Sputnik V](/source/Gam-COVID-Vac) candidate.[362]
- [December 6](/source/December_6) – The [2020 Venezuelan parliamentary election](/source/2020_Venezuelan_parliamentary_election) takes place.[363]
- [December 8](/source/December_8) - COVID-19 pandemic: The United Kingdom becomes the first nation to begin a mass inoculation campaign using a clinically authorised, fully tested vaccine, [Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine](/source/Pfizer%E2%80%93BioNTech_COVID-19_vaccine).[364][365][366] Margaret Keenan, 90, becomes the first person in the world to receive the Pfizer vaccine after trials. - Nepal and China officially agree on [Mount Everest](/source/Mount_Everest)'s actual height, which is 8,848.86m.[367]
- [December 10](/source/December_10) - COVID-19 pandemic: The United States and [Saudi Arabia](/source/Saudi_Arabia) approve the [Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine](/source/Pfizer%E2%80%93BioNTech_COVID-19_vaccine) for emergency use, while Argentina approves Sputnik V.[368][369][370] - Western Sahara conflict, [Arab–Israeli conflict](/source/Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_conflict): [Israel](/source/Israel) and [Morocco](/source/Morocco) normalise diplomatic relations. Simultaneously, the United States reaffirms its previous recognition of Moroccan sovereignty over the [Western Sahara](/source/Western_Sahara) and announces plans to build a consulate there.[371] - The [Nicolas Sarkozy corruption trial](/source/Nicolas_Sarkozy_corruption_trial) concludes in France.[372]
- [December 11](/source/December_11) – The [European Union](/source/European_Union) agrees to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 55% over the next decade.[373]
- [December 12](/source/December_12) - COVID-19 pandemic: The number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 passes 70 million worldwide.[374] - [Bhutan](/source/Bhutan) and Israel normalise diplomatic relations.[375]
- [December 14](/source/December_14) - COVID-19 pandemic: The United States and Canada begin mass vaccination with the Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine.[376][377] In addition, Singapore approves the [Pfizer](/source/Pfizer)–[BioNTech](/source/BioNTech) COVID-19 vaccine, with other companies to provide vaccines progressively.[378] - [Sudan–United States relations](/source/Sudan%E2%80%93United_States_relations): The United States removes [Sudan](/source/Sudan) from its list of [state sponsors of terrorism](/source/State_sponsors_of_terrorism).[379] - [Turkey–United States relations](/source/Turkey%E2%80%93United_States_relations): The United States places sanctions on [Turkey](/source/Turkey) in retaliation for their purchase of a [S-400 missile system](/source/S-400_missile_system) from Russia, marking the first time they have sanctioned a [NATO](/source/NATO) ally.[380] - A [total solar eclipse](/source/Solar_eclipse_of_December_14,_2020) is visible from parts of the South Pacific Ocean, southern South America, and the South Atlantic Ocean.[381]
- [December 18](/source/December_18) - Media outlets report that astronomers have detected a radio signal, [BLC1](/source/BLC1), apparently from the direction of [Proxima Centauri](/source/Proxima_Centauri), the closest star to the Sun. Astronomers have stated that this and other, yet unpublished, signals, are thought to likely be "interference that we cannot fully explain" and that it appears to be among the two strongest candidates for a radio signal humanity received from extraterrestrial intelligence so far.[382][383][384] - COVID-19 pandemic: - The number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 passes 75 million worldwide.[385] - The United States approves [Moderna](/source/Moderna)'s vaccine for emergency use, the second brand available there.[386]
- [December 20](/source/December_20) – COVID-19 pandemic: [A highly infectious new strain of SARS-CoV-2](/source/Variant_of_Concern_202012/01) spreading in Europe and [Australia](/source/Australia) provokes international border closures.[387]
- [December 21](/source/December_21) - COVID-19 pandemic: 36 cases are reported on the [Base General Bernardo O'Higgins Riquelme](/source/Base_General_Bernardo_O'Higgins_Riquelme) in the [Chilean Antarctic Territory](/source/Chilean_Antarctic_Territory), marking the first infections in [Antarctica](/source/Antarctica), the last continent to report infections.[388] - A [great conjunction](/source/Great_conjunction) of [Jupiter](/source/Jupiter) and [Saturn](/source/Saturn) occurs, with the two planets separated in the sky by 0.1 degrees. This is the closest conjunction between the two planets since [1623](/source/1623).[389]
- [December 24](/source/December_24) - The [United Kingdom](/source/United_Kingdom) and the [European Union](/source/European_Union) agree to a comprehensive [free trade agreement](/source/UK_-_EU_Comprehensive_Free_Trade_Agreement) prior to the end of the [transition period](/source/Brexit_withdrawal_agreement).[390] - COVID-19 pandemic: [Sinovac](/source/Sinovac)'s [vaccine](/source/CoronaVac) reached a rate of 91.25% efficacy in trials in Turkey.[391]
- [December 27](/source/December_27) – COVID-19 pandemic: The number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 passes 80 million worldwide.[392]
- [December 29](/source/December_29) – The [2020 Petrinja earthquake](/source/2020_Petrinja_earthquake) with a magnitude of 6.4 strikes Croatia, killing seven and injuring more than 20.[393]
- [December 30](/source/December_30) – COVID-19 pandemic: The United Kingdom approves [AstraZeneca](/source/AstraZeneca)-[Oxford](/source/Oxford)'s [vaccine](/source/AZD1222), the second one available. The vaccine is easier to store as it only requires normal fridge temperatures, making distribution easier.[394]
- [December 31](/source/December_31) – The [transition period](/source/Brexit_withdrawal_agreement#Transition_period) following [the United Kingdom's exit from the European Union](/source/Brexit) on January 31, 2020, expires.[395]

## Births and deaths

Main articles: Category:2020 births and [Deaths in 2020](/source/Deaths_in_2020)

## Nobel Prizes

- [Chemistry](/source/Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry) – [Emmanuelle Charpentier](/source/Emmanuelle_Charpentier) and [Jennifer Doudna](/source/Jennifer_Doudna)[396]
- [Economics](/source/Nobel_Memorial_Prize_in_Economic_Sciences) – [Paul Milgrom](/source/Paul_Milgrom) and [Robert B. Wilson](/source/Robert_B._Wilson)[397]
- [Literature](/source/Nobel_Prize_in_Literature) – [Louise Glück](/source/Louise_Gl%C3%BCck)[398]
- [Peace](/source/Nobel_Peace_Prize) – [World Food Programme](/source/World_Food_Programme)[399]
- [Physics](/source/Nobel_Prize_in_Physics) – [Roger Penrose](/source/Roger_Penrose), [Reinhard Genzel](/source/Reinhard_Genzel) and [Andrea M. Ghez](/source/Andrea_M._Ghez)[400]
- [Physiology or Medicine](/source/Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine) – [Harvey J. Alter](/source/Harvey_J._Alter), [Michael Houghton](/source/Michael_Houghton_(virologist)) and [Charles M. Rice](/source/Charles_M._Rice)[401]

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1. ["Military moves in to help mass evacuation from Australian bushfires"](https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/australia-wildfires-jan1-1.5412274). *CBC News*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20201223165119/https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/australia-wildfires-jan1-1.5412274) December 23, 2020 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved November 15, 2020.

1. Marnie, O'Neill (January 1, 2020). ["Half a billion animals perish in bushfires"](https://www.news.com.au/technology/science/animals/half-a-billion-animals-perish-in-bushfires/news-story/b316adb4f3af7b1c8464cf186ab9f52c). *News.com.au*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20200103031916/https://www.news.com.au/technology/science/animals/half-a-billion-animals-perish-in-bushfires/news-story/b316adb4f3af7b1c8464cf186ab9f52c) January 3, 2020 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved January 3, 2020.

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1. ["Serbian parliamentary elections well run, but ruling party dominance and lack of media diversity limited voters' choice, international observers say"](https://www.osce.org/odihr/elections/serbia/455173). *[osce.org](/source/Osce.org)*. June 22, 2020. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220321155003/https://www.osce.org/odihr/elections/serbia/455173) March 21, 2022 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved March 21, 2022.

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1. ["Kiribati's pro-China leader wins re-election in blow to Taiwan"](https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-kiribati-idUSKBN23U038). *Reuters*. June 23, 2020. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210317125602/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-kiribati-idUSKBN23U038) March 17, 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved March 21, 2022.

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1. ["Croatia's ruling conservatives win big in parliamentary vote"](https://apnews.com/article/health-parliamentary-elections-elections-virus-outbreak-andrej-plenkovic-bd7b200bec96cad1b9f59885b21ad817). *AP NEWS*. April 22, 2021. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220328205833/https://apnews.com/article/health-parliamentary-elections-elections-virus-outbreak-andrej-plenkovic-bd7b200bec96cad1b9f59885b21ad817) March 28, 2022 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved March 28, 2022.

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1. ["Change in Dominican Republic as opposition wins presidency"](https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-53268860). *BBC News*. July 6, 2020. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20200705210130/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-53268860) July 5, 2020 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved March 28, 2022.

1. ["Dominican opposition declares victory in coronavirus-hit election"](https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/7/6/dominican-opposition-declares-victory-in-coronavirus-hit-election). *www.aljazeera.com*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220328205831/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/7/6/dominican-opposition-declares-victory-in-coronavirus-hit-election) March 28, 2022 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved March 28, 2022.

1. ["Opposition declares victory in Dominican Republic's virus-scarred vote"](https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-dominicanrepublic-election-idUKKBN2460DO). *Reuters*. July 5, 2020. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220328205831/https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-dominicanrepublic-election-idUKKBN2460DO) March 28, 2022 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved March 28, 2022.

1. ["Dominican Republic's ruling party candidate concedes defeat"](https://www.reuters.com/article/us-dominicanrepublic-election-results-idCAKBN24728Y). *Reuters*. July 6, 2020. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220328205835/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-dominicanrepublic-election-results-idCAKBN24728Y) March 28, 2022 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved March 28, 2022.

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1. ["'Killing field' had 180 bodies in Burkina Faso"](https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-53333366). *BBC News*. July 8, 2020. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20200711041254/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-53333366) July 11, 2020 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved July 11, 2020.

1. ["Bulgaria, Croatia take vital step to joining euro"](https://www.reuters.com/article/us-eurozone-economy-croatia-bulgaria-idUSKBN24B2JM). *Reuters*. July 10, 2020. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210102141348/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-eurozone-economy-croatia-bulgaria-idUSKBN24B2JM) January 2, 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved July 11, 2020.

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [2020](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.