# -ana > Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/-ana > Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/-ana.md > Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/-ana > Source revision: 1346622982 > License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) {{Short description|English language suffix}} {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}} '''-ana''' (variant: '''-iana''') is a [suffix](/source/suffix) of Latin origin that is used in English to convert [noun](/source/noun)s, usually [proper name](/source/proper_name)s into [mass noun](/source/mass_noun)s, most commonly in order to refer to a collection of things, facts, stories, [memorabilia](/source/memorabilia), and anything else, that relate to a specific place, period, person, etc.{{cite web |url=http://www.cycfoundation.org/concepts/Ana-TheSuffix |title=Ana suffix |work=cycfoundation.org |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100903051640/http://www.cycfoundation.org/concepts/Ana-TheSuffix |archivedate=3 September 2010}}{{Cite web|title=iana suffix|url=https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/iana|url-status=live|access-date=2021-02-21|website=Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170823085140/http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com:80/definition/english/iana |archive-date=23 August 2017 }} For instance, ''[Americana](/source/Americana_(culture))'' is used to refer to things that are distinctive of the [US](/source/United_States), while ''[Canadiana](/source/Canadiana)'' is for [Canada](/source/Canada); in literature, ''Shakespeareana'' and ''Dickensiana'' are similarly used in reference to items or stories related to [William Shakespeare](/source/William_Shakespeare) or [Charles Dickens](/source/Charles_Dickens), respectively. The suffix ''-ana'', ''-iana'', or ''-eana'' have also often been used in the titles of musical works, as a way for a composer to pay tribute to an earlier composer or noted performer. == History and lexicology == The suffix has been around since at least the 16th century, typically in book titles, with the first recorded use of ''-ana'' being between 1720 and 1730.{{Cite web|title=Definition of ana |url=https://www.dictionary.com/browse/ana|access-date=2021-02-21|website=Dictionary.com |language=en}} The recognition of the usage of ''-ana'' or ''-iana'' as a self-conscious literary construction, on the other hand, traces back to at least 1740, when it was mentioned in an edition of ''Scaligerana'', a collection of [table talk](/source/Table_talk_(literature)) of [Joseph Justus Scaliger](/source/Joseph_Justus_Scaliger), from around 150 years previously.{{Cite web|title=Scaligerana|url=http://warburg.sas.ac.uk/research/completed-research-projects/scaliger/scaligerana|work=[Warburg Institute](/source/Warburg_Institute)}} By that period, Scaliger was described as "the father, so to speak, of all those books published under the title of -ana."{{cite journal|last=Sanford|first=Eva M.|date=January 1931|title=Scaligerana|journal=The Classical Journal|volume=26|pages=279–286|number=4}} As [grammatical construction](/source/grammatical_construction), it is the [neuter plural, nominative form](/source/Latin_declension) of an adjective. So, from ''Scaliger'' is formed first the adjective ''Scaligeranus'' (Scaligeran), which is then put into the form of an [abstract noun](/source/abstract_noun), ''Scaligerana'' (Scaligeran things). In ''[Americana](/source/Americana_(culture))'', a variant construction, the adjectival form already exists as ''Americanus'', so it is simply a neuter plural (suffix ''–a'' on the stem ''American-''); the case of [Victoriana](/source/Victoriana) (things associated with the [Victorian period](/source/Victorian_period)) is superficially similar, but the Latin adjective form is [Dog Latin](/source/Dog_Latin).https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/11319/what-is-the-origin-of-americana#:~:text=1%20Answer,the%20Latin%20adjectival%20ending%20%2Danus ==Derived terms== === Places === * [Africana](/source/Africana_studies) — things relating to [Africa](/source/Africa) * [Americana](/source/Americana_(culture)) — things relating to the [United States](/source/United_States) ** [Californiana](/source/Californiana) — things relating to the state of [California](/source/California) ** [Floridiana](/source/Floridiana) — things relating to the state of [Florida](/source/Florida) ** [Hawaiiana](/source/Hawaiiana) — things relating to the state of [Hawaii](/source/Hawaii) and cultural artifacts of [Native Hawaiians](/source/Native_Hawaiians) ** [Columbiana County, Ohio](/source/Columbiana_County%2C_Ohio) — named in honor of 15th-century Italian explorer Christopher Columbus, combining his surname with the suffix -iana ** [Columbiana, Ohio](/source/Columbiana%2C_Ohio) — city within Columbiana County which takes its name from the county itself * [Australiana](/source/Australiana) — things relating to [Australia](/source/Australia) * [Canadiana](/source/Canadiana) — things relating to [Canada](/source/Canada) * [Europeana](/source/Europeana) — things relating to [Europe](/source/Europe) * [Flandrica](/source/Flandrica.be) — things relating to [Flanders](/source/Flanders) * [Filipiniana](/source/Filipiniana) — things relating to the [Philippines](/source/Philippines) * [Kiwiana](/source/Kiwiana) — things relating to [New Zealand](/source/New_Zealand) * [Rhodesiana](/source/Rhodesiana) — things relating to [Rhodesia](/source/Rhodesia) === Literature === * Bondiana — items relating to [James Bond](/source/James_Bond). *Dickensiana — items or stories related to [Charles Dickens](/source/Charles_Dickens) *[Forteana](/source/Forteana) — things related to [Charles Fort](/source/Charles_Fort) or [anomalous phenomena](/source/anomalous_phenomena) *[Johnsoniana](/source/Johnsoniana) — the sayings or writings of Samuel Johnson *Miltoniana — items or stories related to [John Milton](/source/John_Milton)Moore, C. A. 1927. "Miltoniana (1679–1741)". ''[Modern Philology](/source/Modern_Philology)'' 24(3):321–39. {{JSTOR|433381}}. *[Shakespeareana](/source/Shakespeareana) — items or stories related to William Shakespeare. *[Sherlockiana](/source/Sherlockiana) — a broad term relating to memorabilia and non-[canonical](/source/Canon_(fiction)) works of fiction about or referring to the fictional detective [Sherlock Holmes](/source/Sherlock_Holmes) *''[Thraliana](/source/Thraliana)'' — the name of a diary kept by [Hester Thrale](/source/Hester_Thrale) ===Other=== *[Absinthiana](/source/Absinthiana) – accoutrements related to [absinthe](/source/absinthe) and its preparation. *Arthuriana — things relating to [King Arthur](/source/King_Arthur) and [Arthurian literature](/source/Arthurian_Literature). *[Breweriana](/source/Breweriana) — collectables associated with a [brewery](/source/brewery) or one of its brands, including [beer can](/source/beer_can)s, [caps](/source/Beer_cap) [bottles](/source/Beer_bottle), labels, [mats](/source/Beer_mat), trays, and [taps](/source/Beer_tap), as well as [bottle opener](/source/bottle_opener)s, tin signs, and [neon sign](/source/neon_sign)s. *[Disneyana](/source/Disneyana) — items related to [The Walt Disney Company](/source/The_Walt_Disney_Company), including [collectibles](/source/Collectable), [souvenir](/source/souvenir)s, [ephemera](/source/ephemera), and other items produced and/or licensed by Disney. *Mozartiana — things relating to [Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart](/source/Wolfgang_Amadeus_Mozart). *[Petroliana](/source/Petroliana) — collectibles relating to [gas stations](/source/Filling_station) or the [petroleum industry](/source/petroleum_industry), including such items as old [gas pumps](/source/Gasoline_pump), fuel advertisements, [enamel](/source/Enamel_sign) or tin signs, [oil can](/source/oil_can)s, and [road map](/source/road_map)s. (See also ''[Automobilia](/source/Automobilia)'') *[Railroadiana](/source/Railroadiana) (or railwayana) — artifacts of currently- or formerly-operating [railways](/source/railways). *[Tobacciana](/source/Tobacciana) — things relating to [tobacco](/source/tobacco), [smoking](/source/Tobacco_smoking), and the [tobacco industry](/source/tobacco_industry) *Trumpiana — materials or documents relating to [Donald Trump](/source/Donald_Trump) *[Victoriana](/source/Victoriana) — items from or related to the [Victorian era](/source/Victorian_era). ==Usage== ===In literature=== In 1718, [Charles Gildon](/source/Charles_Gildon) subtitled ''The Complete Art of Poetry'' with "''Shakespeariana; or the most beautiful topicks, descriptions, and similes that occur throughout all Shakespear's plays''." In 1728, [Jonathan Smedley](/source/Jonathan_Smedley) had a work titled ''Gulliveriana: or a Fourth Volume of Miscellanies, being a sequel of the three volumes published by Pope and Swift, to which is added Alexanderiana, or a comparison between the ecclesiastical and poetical Popes and many things in verse and prose relating to the latter''.{{DNB Cite|wstitle=Smedley, Jonathan}} In 1842, [John Wilson Croker](/source/John_Wilson_Croker), in reference to [Samuel Johnson](/source/Samuel_Johnson), published ''Johnsoniana: or, Supplement to Boswell''. Referring to [John Milton](/source/John_Milton), C. A. Moore titled a 1927 paper as "Miltoniana (1679–1741)". ===In music=== The suffix ''-iana'', ''-eana'' or ''-ana'' has often been used in the titles of musical works, as a way for a composer to pay tribute to an earlier composer or a noted performer. {| class="wikitable" |+Musical tributes with the suffix ''-ana'', ''-iana'', or ''-eana'' suffix !Work !Creator !Namesake |- |''Albeniziana'' |Joan Gibert Camins |[Isaac Albéniz](/source/Isaac_Alb%C3%A9niz) |- |''[Bachianas Brasileiras](/source/Bachianas_Brasileiras)'' |[Heitor Villa-Lobos](/source/Heitor_Villa-Lobos) |[Johann Sebastian Bach](/source/Johann_Sebastian_Bach) |- |''Bartokiana'' |[George Rochberg](/source/George_Rochberg) |[Béla Bartók](/source/B%C3%A9la_Bart%C3%B3k) |- |''Brahmsiana'' |[Leonard Slatkin](/source/Leonard_Slatkin) |[Johannes Brahms](/source/Johannes_Brahms) |- |''Fantasia Busoniana'' |[John Ogdon](/source/John_Ogdon) |[Ferruccio Busoni](/source/Ferruccio_Busoni) |- |''[Chopiniana](/source/Les_Sylphides)'' |[Alexander Glazunov](/source/Alexander_Glazunov) |[Frédéric Chopin](/source/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Chopin) |- |''Cimarosiana'' |[Gian Francesco Malipiero](/source/Gian_Francesco_Malipiero) |[Domenico Cimarosa](/source/Domenico_Cimarosa) |- |''Ode Corelliana'' |[Salvatore Di Vittorio](/source/Salvatore_Di_Vittorio) |[Arcangelo Corelli](/source/Arcangelo_Corelli) |- |''Debussiana'' |James Rhinehart |[Claude Debussy](/source/Claude_Debussy) |- |''Donizettiana'' |[Myer Fredman](/source/Myer_Fredman) |[Gaetano Donizetti](/source/Gaetano_Donizetti) |- |''Dussekiana'' |[Eric Gross](/source/Eric_Gross) |[František Xaver Dušek](/source/Franti%C5%A1ek_Xaver_Du%C5%A1ek) |- |''Frescobaldiana'' |[Vittorio Giannini](/source/Vittorio_Giannini) |[Girolamo Frescobaldi](/source/Girolamo_Frescobaldi) |- |''Gabrieliana'' |[Gian Francesco Malipiero](/source/Gian_Francesco_Malipiero) |[Giovanni Gabrieli](/source/Giovanni_Gabrieli) |- |''Gershwiniana'' |[Steven Gerber](/source/Steven_Gerber) |[George Gershwin](/source/George_Gershwin) |- |''Handeliana'' |[Józef Koffler](/source/J%C3%B3zef_Koffler) |[George Frideric Handel](/source/George_Frideric_Handel) |- |''[Ivesiana](/source/Ivesiana)'' (ballet) |[George Balanchine](/source/George_Balanchine) |[Charles Ives](/source/Charles_Ives) |- |''Koschatiana'' |[Ernst Bacon](/source/Ernst_Bacon) |[Thomas Koschat](/source/Thomas_Koschat) |- |''Lisztiana'' |Dmitri Rogal-Levitski and Jean-François Grancher |[Franz Liszt](/source/Franz_Liszt) |- |''Mahleriana'' |Domenico Giannetta |[Gustav Mahler](/source/Gustav_Mahler) |- |''[Mozartiana](/source/Orchestral_Suite_No._4_Mozartiana_(Tchaikovsky))'' |[Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky](/source/Pyotr_Ilyich_Tchaikovsky) | rowspan="2" |[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart](/source/Wolfgang_Amadeus_Mozart) |- |''Mozartiana'' |Julian Yu |- |''Nazaretheana'' |[Stephen Whittington](/source/Stephen_Whittington) |[Ernesto Nazareth](/source/Ernesto_Nazareth) |- |''Nordraakiana'' |[Johan Halvorsen](/source/Johan_Halvorsen) |[Rikard Nordraak](/source/Rikard_Nordraak) |- |''Offenbachiana'' |[Juan José Castro](/source/Juan_Jos%C3%A9_Castro) and [Manuel Rosenthal](/source/Manuel_Rosenthal) | rowspan="2" |[Jacques Offenbach](/source/Jacques_Offenbach) |- |''Offenbachiana'' |[Maciej Malecki](/source/Maciej_Malecki) |- |''[Paganiniana](/source/Paganiniana_(Casella))'' |[Alfredo Casella](/source/Alfredo_Casella) | rowspan="3" |[Niccolò Paganini](/source/Niccol%C3%B2_Paganini) |- |''Paganiniana'' |[Nathan Milstein](/source/Nathan_Milstein) |- |{{Sic|Paganiana}} ([piano four hands](/source/piano_four_hands)){{Cite web|title=Charles Camilleri CD Notes: Celestial Harmonies For Piano|url=http://www.murraymclachlan.com/articles/charles.htm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720070918/http://www.murraymclachlan.com/articles/charles.htm|archivedate=20 July 2011|work=[Murray McLachlan](/source/Murray_McLachlan_(musician))}} |[Charles Camilleri](/source/Charles_Camilleri) |- |''Pedrelliana'' |[Manuel de Falla](/source/Manuel_de_Falla) and [Roberto Gerhard](/source/Roberto_Gerhard) |[Felip Pedrell](/source/Felip_Pedrell) |- |''Prestilagoyana'' |[Pierre Wissmer](/source/Pierre_Wissmer) |[Ida Presti](/source/Ida_Presti) and [Alexandre Lagoya](/source/Alexandre_Lagoya) |- |''Purcelliana'' |Alfred Akon |[Henry Purcell](/source/Henry_Purcell) |- |''[Overture Respighiana](/source/Overture_Respighiana)'' |[Salvatore Di Vittorio](/source/Salvatore_Di_Vittorio) |[Ottorino Respighi](/source/Ottorino_Respighi) |- |[''Rossiniane''](/source/Rossiniana_(Giuliani)) |[Mauro Giuliani](/source/Mauro_Giuliani) | rowspan="2" |[Gioachino Rossini](/source/Gioachino_Rossini) |- |''[Rossiniana](/source/Rossiniana)'' |[Ottorino Respighi](/source/Ottorino_Respighi) |- |''Sarasateana'' |[Efrem Zimbalist](/source/Efrem_Zimbalist) |[Pablo de Sarasate](/source/Pablo_de_Sarasate) |- |''Scarlattiana'' |[Alfredo Casella](/source/Alfredo_Casella) and [Noam Sheriff](/source/Noam_Sheriff) |[Domenico Scarlatti](/source/Domenico_Scarlatti) |- |''Schumanniana'' |[Vincent d'Indy](/source/Vincent_d'Indy) |[Robert Schumann](/source/Robert_Schumann) |- |''Segoviana'' |[Darius Milhaud](/source/Darius_Milhaud) |[Andrés Segovia](/source/Andr%C3%A9s_Segovia) |- |''Soleriana'' |[Joaquín Rodrigo](/source/Joaqu%C3%ADn_Rodrigo) |[Antonio Soler](/source/Antonio_Soler_(composer)) |- |''Stevensonia'' ([orchestral suite](/source/orchestral_suite), 1917 and 1922) |[Edward Burlingame Hill](/source/Edward_Burlingame_Hill) |[Robert Louis Stevenson](/source/Robert_Louis_Stevenson){{cite book|last=Butterworth|first=Neil|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SREjAQAAQBAJ&q=Edward+Burlingame+Hill+stevensonia&pg=PA1996-IA15|title=Dictionary of American Classical Composers|date=2 October 2013|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-136-79023-2|page=1996|accessdate=14 June 2016}} |- |''Straussiana'' |[Erich Wolfgang Korngold](/source/Erich_Wolfgang_Korngold) |[Johann Strauss II](/source/Johann_Strauss_II) |- |''Tartiniana'' |[Luigi Dallapiccola](/source/Luigi_Dallapiccola) |[Giuseppe Tartini](/source/Giuseppe_Tartini) |- |''Tchaikovskiana'' |[Myer Fredman](/source/Myer_Fredman), [Tasmin Little](/source/Tasmin_Little), and John Lenehan |[Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky](/source/Pyotr_Ilyich_Tchaikovsky) |- |''Telemanniana'' |[Hans Werner Henze](/source/Hans_Werner_Henze) |[Georg Philipp Telemann](/source/Georg_Philipp_Telemann) |- |''Thomsoniana'' |[Peggy Glanville-Hicks](/source/Peggy_Glanville-Hicks) |[Virgil Thomson](/source/Virgil_Thomson) |- |''Verdiana'' |[Tutti Camarata](/source/Tutti_Camarata) |[Giuseppe Verdi](/source/Giuseppe_Verdi) |- |''Viottiana'' |[Luciano Sgrizzi](/source/Luciano_Sgrizzi) |[Giovanni Battista Viotti](/source/Giovanni_Battista_Viotti) |- |''Vivaldiana'' |[Gian Francesco Malipiero](/source/Gian_Francesco_Malipiero) and [Ede Terenyi](/source/Ede_Terenyi) |[Antonio Vivaldi](/source/Antonio_Vivaldi) |} {| class="wikitable" |+Other uses in music !Work !Type of work !Creator !Notes |- |''Asturiana'' (1942) |symphony |[María Teresa Prieto](/source/Mar%C3%ADa_Teresa_Prieto) | |- |''[Canadiana Suite](/source/Canadiana_Suite)'' (1964) |album |[Oscar Peterson](/source/Oscar_Peterson) | |- |''[Freudiana](/source/Freudiana)'' |[rock-opera](/source/Rock_opera) album |[Eric Woolfson](/source/Eric_Woolfson) |Woolfon's first solo album, named after pioneer psychoanalyst [Sigmund Freud](/source/Sigmund_Freud). |- |''[Frostiana](/source/Frostiana)'' (1959) |musical piece |[Randall Thompson](/source/Randall_Thompson) |The work involves 7 poems of [Robert Frost](/source/Robert_Frost), whom the piece is named after. |- |''Kentuckiana: Divertissement On 20 Kentucky Airs, for 2 Pianos, 4 Hands'' (1948) |[composition](/source/Musical_composition) |[Darius Milhaud](/source/Darius_Milhaud) | |- |''[Kreisleriana](/source/Kreisleriana)'' |piano suite |[Robert Schumann](/source/Robert_Schumann) |The piece is named after the fictional literary character [Johannes Kreisler](/source/Johannes_Kreisler) created by [E. T. A. Hoffmann](/source/E._T._A._Hoffmann). |- |''Symphony No. 4'' (1952) - originally entitled ''Sinfonia shakespeariana'' |symphony |[Gösta Nystroem](/source/G%C3%B6sta_Nystroem) | |- |''[Vincentiana](/source/Vincentiana)'' |symphony |[Einojuhani Rautavaara](/source/Einojuhani_Rautavaara) |This piece was named in honour of [Vincent van Gogh](/source/Vincent_van_Gogh) and reuses some material from Rautavaara's earlier opera on van Gogh, titled ''[Vincent](/source/Vincent_(opera))''. |- |''[Gillespiana](/source/Gillespiana)'' (1960) |album |[Dizzy Gillespie](/source/Dizzy_Gillespie) |The album featured compositions by [Lalo Schifrin](/source/Lalo_Schifrin). |- |''Glinkaiana'', ''Medtneriana'', and ''Scriabiniana'' |ballets | |These three ballets were staged in the [Soviet Union](/source/Soviet_Union) in the early 20th century, set to music by their respective namesakes: [Mikhail Glinka](/source/Mikhail_Glinka), [Nikolai Medtner](/source/Nikolai_Medtner) and [Alexander Scriabin](/source/Alexander_Scriabin). |} ==See also== {{wiktionary|-ana}} * [Memorabilia](/source/Memorabilia) **[Automobilia](/source/Automobilia) **[Militaria](/source/Militaria) **[Murderabilia](/source/Murderabilia) *[Composer tributes (classical music)](/source/Composer_tributes_(classical_music)) ==References== {{reflist}} ana Category:Dog Latin words and phrases Category:Musical tributes Category:Memorabilia Category:Collecting --- Adapted from the Wikipedia article [-ana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/-ana) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/-ana?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.